Bioactive ceramic-based materials with designed reactivity for bone tissue regeneration

Abstract

Bioactive ceramics have been used clinically to repair bone defects owing to their biological affinity to living bone; i.e. the capability of direct bonding to living bone, their so-called bioactivity. However, currently available bioactive ceramics do not satisfy every clinical application. Therefore, the development of novel design of bioactive materials is necessary. Bioactive ceramics show osteoconduction by formation of biologically active bone-like apatite through chemical reaction of the ceramic surface with surrounding body fluid. Hence, the control of their chemical reactivity in body fluid is essential to developing novel bioactive materials as well as biodegradable materials. This paper reviews novel bioactive materials designed based on chemical reactivity in body fluid.

Mesoporous silica-calcium phosphate composites for experimental bone substitution

“…Synthetic ma terials used for bone substitution are of either inorganic or organic origin. Inorganic materials like tricalcium phosphate 1,2 and hydro xylapatite 3 are preferred nowadays, but other materials such as ceramics and bioceramics 4 , bioglass 5,6 , metals with bioactive ceramic surface coating 7,8 or calcium sulfate 9,10 are also in active duty. Organic substances, ie.…”

Castor oil polyurethane containing silica nanoparticles as filling material of bone defect in rats

“…During all the evaluated periods it was possible to observe a higher number of fibroblasts, osteobalsts, osteocytes and osteoclasts around and inside the implant when compared to the other groups. Silica plays a fundamental role in certain bioactive glasses, it is capable of osteoprogenitor cells induction in the lesion area 10,19 . The success of the castor polymer containing 10% silica may be attributed to the fact that silica, beyond the inductive properties, can promote great roughness, observed through the SEM.…”

Biocompatibility, degradability, bioactivity and osteogenesis of mesoporous/macroporous scaffolds of mesoporous diopside/poly( l -lactide) composite

“…It is well known that inorganic bioactive materials, such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, bioglasses and calcium silicate, have been incorporated into degradable polymers to develop inorganic/organic biocomposites [15,16]. The combination of bioactive materials with degradable polymers would lead to polymer-based composites with improved physicochemical and biological properties when compared with polymers alone [17].…”