Bioaccumulation of Toxic Heavy Metals in Fish after Feeding with Synthetic Feed: A Potential Health Risk in Bangladesh

Abstract

This present research was conducted to assess the bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals in fish before and after six months feeding with synthetic feed. Here in concentrations of eight toxic heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometric (AAS) method. Before feeding, the concentrations in fish were found to be 19.5 ppb, 61.8, 30.5, 35.3, 123.3, 121.9, 197.7 and 543.2 ppb, respectively. And after feeding with synthetic feed, the concentrations were found to be 22.1 ppb, 101.5, 37.7, 102.0, 147.6, 214.1, 175.8 and 508.0 ppb, respectively. Contents of the trace metals in the feed, fresh water and the water after addition with synthetic feed were also evaluated. The Labeo rohita locally known as "Rui fish" has been selected for this study since it is a very popular fish in the rural as well as in urban peoples of Bangladesh. The accumulation of beneficial elements i.e., Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn were found to be within the permissible limit in both the fishes of before and after feeding with the synthetic feed. Concentrations of potential toxic metals i.e., Cd, Pb and Ni (37.7 ppb, 102.0, and 147.6 ppb, respectively) accumulated in the fish after six months feeding were found to be much higher than that of the recommended permissible limit. Concentrations of Cd, Pb and Ni (21.6 ppb, 102.0 and 114.0 ppb, respectively) in the synthetic feed used for feeding were also found to be much higher than the WHO/EU recommended value. Considering the potential health risk issues, it is recommended that the use of natural feed should be encouraged for feeding despite the synthetic feed in the fish firming project.

Assessment of selected trace metals in fish feeds, pond water and edible muscles of Oreochromis mossambicus and the evaluation of human health risk associated with its consumption in Vhembe district of Limpopo Province, South Africa

“…Mn concentrations in water samples complied with DWAF [ 37 ] permissible limit of 100 μg/l ( Table 5 ). The Fish feed analysed by Mannan et al [ 98 ] recorded 0.520 mg/kg of Mn concentration which was below the levels from this study (125.91 and 122.58 mg/kg) ( Table 6 ). Mn concentrations in fish feed were above the recommended limit of 100 mg/kg by EC [ 67 ].…”

Effect of organic and in-organic chromium supplementation on growth performance and genotoxicity of Labeo rohita

“…Cr exists in various oxidation states ranging from [7–9] including Cr (IV) which is harmful among them at all. The typical reason is its availability in aquatic medium that it readily obtained by body fluids and tissues (Mannan et al, 2018). Research indicated that organic form of Cr might have shown specific effects on bioactivity of insulin, metabolic rates and inflow of blood glucose, because the alterations induced by organic Cr in morphometric parameters of fish shown signs of positive effects (as given in Table 1).…”

Presence of antibacterial substances, nitrofuran metabolites and other chemicals in farmed pangasius and tilapia in Bangladesh: Probabilistic health risk assessment

“…On the other hand, tilapia farmers predominantly used commercial brand floating and sinking feed throughout the production cycle. The feed ingredients and feeds purchased from local markets vary in quality, which could be a potential source of contamination [ 51 ].…”