Bioaccumulation of metals in the East Calcutta wetland ecosystem

Chattopadhyay, Buddhadeb; Chatterjee, Ankit; Mukhopadhyay, Sajal

doi:10.1080/14634980290031848

Cited by 60 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For comparison, twelve (six of each species) "uncontaminated" (uncontaminated from industrial wastes), control samples were also collected from two natural fishponds at Panduah, West Bengal, India (about 85 km north of the contaminated sampling sites) along with bottom sediment and water. Selection of elements for the study was carried out according to the major constituting elements that contaminate the concerned area as per the previous reports (Chattopadhyay et al 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The huge amounts of composite, heavy-metal-contaminated effluents (nearly 50 000 m 3 · d -1 ) that flow down through a web of canals into the wetlands are also utilized by local farmers in pisciculture. Nearly 10 915 metric tons of fish were produced annually in 286 large wastewater fed fishponds (Bheris), over 30% of total wetland area (Chattopadhyay et al 2002). Among several cultivated species of fish, Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., and Mozambique tilapia, O. mossambicus (Peters, 1852), are familiar for their high fecundity and fast growth rate.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Among several cultivated species of fish, Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., and Mozambique tilapia, O. mossambicus (Peters, 1852), are familiar for their high fecundity and fast growth rate. Tilapias are also known to occupy different physical and trophic strata of aquatic bodies and being dependent on varied food sources (Pillay 1993, Chattopadhyay et al 2002. There- Results.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Trace metal distribution in tissues of cichlids (Oreochromis niloticus and O. mossambicus) collected from wastewater-fed fishponds in East Calcutta Wetlands, a Ramsar site

Chatterjee¹,

Chattopadhyay²,

Mukhopadhyay³

2006

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat.

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Industrial wastes are considered critical factors for disturbing the natural environment. Composite effluents tainted with different heavy metals are major environmental pollutants of varied wetland ecosystems (Wong 2003). Spread over 12 500 ha, The East Calcutta Wetlands, a Ramsar site in West Bengal, India (lat 22°33-22°40´N, long 88°25´-88°35´E), receives industrial runoff from at least 6000 large-and small-scale industrial establishments (including tanneries) and Calcutta metropolitan city wastewater throughout the year. The huge amounts of composite, heavy-metal-contaminated effluents (nearly 50 000 m 3 · d -1 ) that flow down through a web of canals into the wetlands are also utilized by local farmers in pisciculture. Nearly 10 915 metric tons of fish were produced annually in 286 large wastewater fed fishponds (Bheris), over 30% of total wetland area (Chattopadhyay et al. 2002). Among several cultivated species of fish, Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., and Mozambique tilapia, O. mossambicus (Peters, 1852), are familiar for their high fecundity and fast growth rate. Tilapias are also known to occupy different physical and trophic strata of aquatic bodies and being dependent on varied food sources (Pillay 1993, Chattopadhyay et al. 2002. There- Results. The concentrations of metals in bottom sediment were found higher than those of the overlying water. It was evident from the experiment that, either bone or liver was the site of maximum accumulation for the elements while muscles were the site of least metal accumulation in both fish species. Chromium, which was a highly publicised contaminant of tannery effluents, showed a similar distribution pattern (muscle < gill < liver < bone) in these fishes. Concentrations of non-essential metals like Pb were highest in Nile tilapia liver (17.9 mg · kg -1 ) followed by Mozambique tilapia liver (14.7 mg · kg -1 ). Principal component analysis with Varimax rotation revealed that Fe and Mn were in the first and second component, respectively, to influence metal uptake and bioaccumulation. Conclusion. Tissue-specific and species-specific patterns of metal concentration and partitioning were apparent from our experimentation. Dendrograms showed two definite clustering pattern, gill and muscle in one cluster with bone and liver in the other, two important organs so far as partitioning (in bone) and detoxification (in liver) were concerned.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Trace metal distribution in tissues of cichlids (Oreochromis niloticus and O. mossambicus) collected from wastewater-fed fishponds in East Calcutta Wetlands, a Ramsar site

Chatterjee¹,

Chattopadhyay²,

Mukhopadhyay³

2006

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat.

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“…Advances in information technology based data retrieval system allowed prediction of the putative functions of the different groups of microbes indicating the possible presence of metal accumulating, oil degrading, antimicrobial compound producing as well as enzyme producing bacteria which can be exploited for commercial purposes . The removal of metals from waste water during its journey through the wetland (Chattopadhyay et al, 2002) and the presence of metal accumulating microbes from EKW have been reported in a variety of studies (Adarsh et al, 2007;Chowdhury et al, 2008).…”

Section: Microbial Diversity and Commercial Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One reason for the purification of sewage is the abundant quantity of algal photosynthetic oxygen generated in the pond. Bheri causes detoxification of waste water by reducing heavy metals up to 25-99% (Chattopadhyay et al, 2002), while maintaining the biological oxygen demand at above 80% (http://www.ecotippingpoints.org/indepth/indiawetlands .html). The shallow pond allows sunlight to penetrate to its bottom and thereby helps in photosynthesis.…”

Section: Geographical Location and The Traditional Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

East Kolkata Wetland: A Multifunctional Niche of International Importance

S.¹

2012

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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Problem statement:In the megacity Kolkata, the need for space to accomodate the ever increasing population is increasing day by day. As a result the encoarchment of the large wetland on the eastern frindge of the city is increasing and so is the threat of its loosing the status of Ramsar Status. Approach: Proper documentation of the existing traditional practice with sound scientific basis and the direct as well as indirect benefit that the city receives as a result of its existance could be an approach towards its conservation. Results: East Kolkata Wetland (EKW) is a unique example of a wetland ecosystem involved in both resource recovery and environmental protection and in the process providing a stable urban fringe to an expanding metropolis. It ensures economic benefit and employment generation because of resource recovery activities based on utilization of the city's sewage. It acts as a sink for city sewage and garbage, even at times a little flow of industrial effluents with toxic heavy metals as well as hazardous contaminants like sulphate and nitrate to name a few. The purification process operating there depends to a large extent on the activity of the diverse microbial population using liberal sunshine. On trying to understand the microbial flora, a rich diversity of the bacterial domain was revealed with immense potential for commercial application. The extracellular enzymes from microbial origin of EKW were used for detergent formulation, dehairing of hide at neutral pH, silver recovery from exposed X-ray films and so on. The microbes themselves could entrap metals inside them as nanoparticles, remove sulphate from solution and prevent nitrate mediated eutrophication. The soluble waste from the megacity goes through various rounds of purification in the waste water fisheries, called Bheri in local parlance before being used for agriculture. This in turn results in fish production and purification of the waste water up to 99% in terms of faecal coliform count and to a large extent for other parameters. The metal content in the muscles of the surface feeder and bottom feeder fishes were comparable to that of the same variety from rain water fed ponds, indicating safe use of the waste water. The agriculture using waste water mostly produces paddy and vegetables. The green leafy vegetables produced from EKW when compared with same variety from non-EKW were found to be healthy without any additional unwanted metal accumulation. The entire resource recovery process was relatively safe, ecofriendly as well as economical. Conclusion/Recommendations: Thus EKW purifies the waste of a large part of the city, generates edible resources, provides employment, houses diverse flora and fauna and also harbours a rich repertoire of microbes with immense potential for application. The objective of the present review is to emphasize the need of its conservation and also intensify the research on the microbial diversity in these wetlands.

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