Bioaccumulation and sub-acute toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles in juvenile carp (Cyprinus carpio): A comparative study with its bulk counterparts

Zinc nanoparticles induced brain lesions and behavioral changesin Tilapia nilotica and Tilapia. zillii

“…The loss of equilibrium in the fish that were treated by 2000 µg Zn-NPs /L is evidently related to the alterations that were recorded in the cerebellum and appeared as vascular thrombosis and apoptosis of cells of the Purkinje cell layer. Many reports recorded the accumulation of ZnNPs in the brain tissue of various fish species (Hao et al, 2013), however, we could not find any records for NPs induced neuropathology in aquatic fauna. The induced lesions may be attributed to the oxidative stress due to ROS production as described by Nel et al (2006) who reported significant lipid peroxidation by nanomaterial in the brains of Juvenile largemouth bass.…”

“…Lesions were mainly hydropic and vacuolar degeneration of the hepatic and renal tissues, with hyperplasia and vacuolation of the gill arches (Al-Bairuty et al, 2013). Researchers described the accumulation of ZnO NPs in the brain tissues of various species of fish, particularly largemouth bass, carp and Japanese Medaka (Hao et al, 2013). The NPs of ZnO reported to induce neurotoxicity of neuroblastoma cell culture (Valdiglesias et al, 2013) and neural stem cell apoptosis in experimentally treated mice (Deng et al, 2009).…”

Zinc Oxide, Zinc Sulfate and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles as Source of Dietary Zinc: Comparative Effects on Growth and Hematological Indices of Juvenile Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

“…It is well established that Zn is vital for the growth and development of freshwater animals in certain amount but excess concentration directly through water or food chain appeared harmful and toxic (Hayat et al, 2007;Hao et al, 2013). We observed that fish fed diet supplemented with Zn in nanoform at the rate of 30 mg Zn kg -1 diet (Zn-NP-1) showed significantly (P > 0.05) higher %WG followed by Zn-NP-11 diet.…”

Biokinetics of zinc oxide nanoparticles: toxicokinetics, biological fates, and protein interaction

“…Controversies continue to exist on the toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles as well as their fates in biological systems. [21][22][23] This review summarizes the biokinetic behaviors of ZnO nanoparticles obtained by different approaches, with discussion of TK, target organs, solubility, biological fates, and toxicity potentials.…”

“…22 Hao et al also identified the toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles as a function of particle toxicity, and not as a result of only particle dissolution. 23 Therefore, the question as to whether ZnO nanoparticles are absorbed into the bloodstream as both particles and zinc ions or only as ionic forms remains to be answered, which may depend on the preparation method or dispersing agent used for nanoparticles.…”