Bioaccumulation and Excretion of Enantiomers of Myclobutanil in <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> Larvae Through Dietary Exposure

Lv, Xiaotian; Liu, Chen; Gao, Yanning; Guo, Baoyuan; Wang, Huili; Li, Jianzhong

doi:10.1002/chir.22230

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…After 46 days of exposure, there was a significant trend of enantioselective bioaccumulation in the tadpoles with a preferential accumulation of (−)-myclobutanil. It was consistent with that in bioaccumulation of myclobutanil to Tenebrio molitor larvae, in which the concentration of (−)-myclobutanil in T. molitor larvae was higher than that of (+)-myclobutanil for the 20 mg/kg dietary exposure experiment.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Enantioselective Bioaccumulation, Tissue Distribution, and Toxic Effects of Myclobutanil Enantiomers in Pelophylax nigromaculatus Tadpole

Cheng

Chen

et al. 2017

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Research on the enantioselective behavior of chiral pesticides on amphibians has received growing attention, because amphibians are experiencing a population decline and amphibian metamorphosis shares many similarities with human fetal development. In this study, the enantioselective behavior of myclobutanil on Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpole was studied. The antioxidant enzyme (SOD, GST) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were investigated to assess the different toxic effects when tadpoles were exposed to myclobutanil enantiomers for 96 h. In the chronic exposure experiment, the bioaccumulation concentration of (-)-myclobutanil in tadpoles is significantly higher than that of (+)-myclobutanil, and the concentration of myclobutanil in tadpole intestine and liver was higher compared with other tissues. During the elimination experiment, about 95% of myclobutanil in tadpoles was eliminated within only 24 h. On the basis of these data, the enantiomeric differences should be taken into consideration in the risk assessment of myclobutanil.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Enantioselective Bioaccumulation, Tissue Distribution, and Toxic Effects of Myclobutanil Enantiomers in Pelophylax nigromaculatus Tadpole

Cheng

Chen

et al. 2017

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…After 24 h exposure, the concentrations of both enantiomers in tissues reduced to less than 5 μg·kg –1 , indicating that rats can rapidly metabolize both (+)- and (−)-MT. Rapid metabolism of MT was also found in other organisms, such as rabbits exposed by intravenous injection, Tenebrio molitor exposed through food, and earthworms treated with an environment containing MT. A previous study reported that a chemical with log K OW > 1.75 and log K OA ≥ 5.25 has bioaccumulation potential, unless it is metabolized at a sufficiently rapid rate .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Enantioselective Distribution, Degradation, and Metabolite Formation of Myclobutanil and Transcriptional Responses of Metabolic-Related Genes in Rats

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Myclobutanil (MT), a chiral fungicide, can be metabolized enantioselectively in organisms. In this work, the associated absorption, distribution, metabolism and transcriptional responses of MT in rats were determined following a single-dose (10 mg·kg body weight) exposure to rac-, (+)- or (-)-MT. The enantiomer fractions (EFs) were less than 0.5 with time in the liver, kidney, heart, lung, and testis, suggesting preferential enrichment of (-)-MT in these tissues. Furthermore, there was conversion of (+)-form to (-)-form in the liver and kidney after 6 h exposure to enantiopure (+)-MT. Enrichment and degradation of the two enantiomers differed between rac-MT and MT-enantiomers groups, suggesting that MT bioaccumulation is enantiomer-specific. Interestingly, the degradation half-life of MT in the liver with rac-MT treatment was shorter than that with both MT-enantiomer treatments. One reason may be that the gene expression levels of cytochrome P450 1a2 ( cyp1a2) and cyp3a2 genes in livers treated with rac-MT were the highest among the three exposure groups. In addition, a positive correlation between the expression of cyp2e1 and cyp3a2 genes and rac-MT concentration was found in livers exposed to rac-MT. Simultaneously, five chiral metabolites were detected, and the enantiomers of three metabolites, RH-9090, RH-9089, and M2, were separated. The detected enantiomers of (+)-MT metabolites were in complete contrast with those of (-)-MT metabolites. According to the results, a metabolic pathway of MT in male rats was proposed, which included the following five metabolites: RH-9089, RH-9090, RH-9090 Sulfate, M1, and M2. The possible metabolic enzymes were marked in the pathway. The findings of this study provide more specific insights into the enantioselective metabolic mechanism of chiral triazole fungicides.

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“…However, this reported correlation could not be readily identified from the data presented in that publication. Several other studies on chiral fungicides showed that T. molitor larvae metabolized and degraded the fungicides epoxiconazole (log K ow 3.58) (Lv et al., ), metalaxyl (log K ow 1.65) (Gao et al., ), benalaxyl (log K ow 3.67) (Gao et al., ), and mycolobutanil (log K ow 2.94) (Lv et al., ). These experimental results all are consistent with the K ow pattern observed by Houbraken et al.…”

Section: Chemical Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Safety Issues Related to Uses of Insects for Feeds and Foods

Fels‐Klerx

Camenzuli

Belluco

et al. 2018

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

183

112

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Edible insects are expected to become an important nutrient source for animals and humans in the Western world in the near future. However, before insects can be put on the market, the safety of their use for feed and food is warranted. This literature study was prepared to provide an overview of the actual knowledge of possible food safety hazards, including chemical, microbiological, and allergenic agents and prions, to human and animal health upon the use of insects for food and feed, and to highlight data gaps and suggest the way forward. From the data available, heavy metals of concern are cadmium in black soldier fly and arsenic in yellow mealworm larvae. Investigated mycotoxins do not seem to accumulate. Residues of pesticides, veterinary drugs, and hormones, as well as dioxins and PCBs, are sometimes found in insects. Contamination of insects with pathogens to human health is a consequence of a combination of the substrates used and the farming and processing steps applied. Insects harbor a wide variety of microorganisms, and some human pathogenic bacteria may be present. In addition, insects may harbor and transmit parasites. There is no evidence so far insects may harbor pathogenic viruses or prions, but they may act as vectors. Insects and insect-derived products may have allergenic potential. In this review, evidence on some safety aspects is displayed, and data gaps are identified. Recommendations are given for future research to fill the most relevant data gaps.

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Bioaccumulation and Excretion of Enantiomers of Myclobutanil in Tenebrio molitor Larvae Through Dietary Exposure

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

Enantioselective Bioaccumulation, Tissue Distribution, and Toxic Effects of Myclobutanil Enantiomers in Pelophylax nigromaculatus Tadpole

Enantioselective Bioaccumulation, Tissue Distribution, and Toxic Effects of Myclobutanil Enantiomers in Pelophylax nigromaculatus Tadpole

Enantioselective Distribution, Degradation, and Metabolite Formation of Myclobutanil and Transcriptional Responses of Metabolic-Related Genes in Rats

Food Safety Issues Related to Uses of Insects for Feeds and Foods

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