Bioaccessibility, source impact and probabilistic health risk of the toxic metals in PM2.5 based on lung fluids test and Monte Carlo simulations

Liu, Jianwei; Zhang, Aichen; Chen, Yanjiao; Zhou, Xiaoqing; Zhou, Anqi; Cao, Hongbin

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124667

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…It should be noted that the deweathered Ca concentration also decreased by more than 50 %. It was well documented that the Ca was often associated with the dust resuspension (Chang et al, 2018). In fact, the Ca was known as one of the most abundant elements in the upper continental crust, which likely originated from the fugitive dust (Chang et al, 2018;Shen et al, 2016).…”

Section: The Impact Of Emission Reduction In Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was well documented that the Ca was often associated with the dust resuspension (Chang et al, 2018). In fact, the Ca was known as one of the most abundant elements in the upper continental crust, which likely originated from the fugitive dust (Chang et al, 2018;Shen et al, 2016). A reduction of more than 70 % in vehicle transportation and domestic flights facilitated the rapid decrease in Ca concentration (Chang et al, 2020).…”

Section: The Impact Of Emission Reduction In Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Substantial changes in gaseous pollutants and chemical compositions in fine particles in the North China Plain during the COVID-19 lockdown period: anthropogenic vs. meteorological influences

Zhao

et al. 2021

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The rapid response to the COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented decreases in economic activities, thereby reducing the pollutant emissions. A random forest (RF) model was applied to determine the respective contributions of meteorology and anthropogenic emissions to the changes in air quality. The result suggested that the strict lockdown measures significantly decreased primary components such as Cr (−67 %) and Fe (−61 %) in PM2.5 (p<0.01), whereas the higher relative humidity (RH) and NH3 level and the lower air temperature (T) remarkably enhanced the production of secondary aerosol, including SO42- (29 %), NO3- (29 %), and NH4+ (21 %) (p<0.05). The positive matrix factorization (PMF) result suggested that the contribution ratios of secondary formation (SF), industrial process (IP), biomass burning (BB), coal combustion (CC), and road dust (RD) changed from 36 %, 27 %, 21 %, 12 %, and 4 % before the COVID-19 outbreak to 44 %, 20 %, 20 %, 9 %, and 7 %, respectively. The rapid increase in the contribution ratio derived from SF to PM2.5 implied that the intermittent haze events during the COVID-19 period were characterized by secondary aerosol pollution, which was mainly contributed by the unfavorable meteorological conditions and high NH3 level.

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Section: The Impact Of Emission Reduction In Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Impact Of Emission Reduction In Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Substantial changes in gaseous pollutants and chemical compositions in fine particles in the North China Plain during the COVID-19 lockdown period: anthropogenic vs. meteorological influences

Zhao

et al. 2021

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…The rate at which metal deposited in the pulmonary region releases into the systemic circulation is related to its solubility [ 23 , 24 , 26 ]. Only the components of PM 2.5 that can dissolve in the pulmonary region can participate in human circulation and affect human health [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. The previous studies, which are focused on total concentration of PM heavy metals, may overestimate the human health risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mice exposure results may be more similar to those in humans, but the cost is higher [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Many studies used more economical and convenient in vitro simulated lung fluid to simulate the dissolved concentration of PM in the lungs [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 33 , 34 ]. There are two types of in vitro simulated lung fluid commonly used in research: one is the artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF, pH = 4.5 ± 0.1) which simulates the acidic macrophage deposition environment; the other is the Gamble’s solution (GS, pH = 7.4 ± 0.2) which presents the neutral depositional environment of the lung interstitium [ 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bioaccessibility of simulated lung fluid for human health risk assessment is widely used. Studies suggested that the bioaccessibility concentration of metals should be considered in the health risk assessments [ 28 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. The multiple-path particle dosimetry (MPPD) model is used to estimate the PM deposition fraction (DF) in the respiratory system [ 19 , 21 , 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM2.5 Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China

Sun

Zheng

Wang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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PM2.5 can deposit and partially dissolve in the pulmonary region. In order to be consistent with the reality of the pulmonary region and avoid overestimating the inhalation human health risk, the bioaccessibility of PM2.5 heavy metals and the deposition fraction (DF) urgently needs to be considered. This paper simulates the bioaccessibility of PM2.5 heavy metals in acidic intracellular and neutral extracellular deposition environments by simulating lung fluid. The multipath particle dosimetry model was used to simulate DF of PM2.5. According to the exposure assessment method of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the inhalation exposure dose threshold was calculated, and the human health risk with different inhalation exposure doses was compared. The bioaccessibility of heavy metals is 12.1–36.2%. The total DF of PM2.5 in adults was higher than that in children, and children were higher than adults in the pulmonary region, and gradually decreased with age. The inhalation exposure dose threshold is 0.04–14.2 mg·kg−1·day−1 for the non-carcinogenic exposure dose and 0.007–0.043 mg·kg−1·day−1 for the carcinogenic exposure dose. Cd and Pb in PM2.5 in the study area have a non-carcinogenic risk to human health (hazard index < 1), and Cd has no or a potential carcinogenic risk to human health. A revised inhalation health risk assessment may avoid overestimation.

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In vitro inhalation bioaccessibility and health risk assessment of difenoconazole in the atmosphere

Fang,

Xiang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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BackgroundIt is necessary to assess the risk of pesticide inhalation in people around farmland because inhalation is one of the ways pesticides cause human health risks. This paper purposed to identify the inhalation risk of difenoconazole on humans by dose‐response and exposure assessment.ResultsIn the field simulation application, the respiratory exposure of the people around farmland ranges from 71 ng/m3 to 430 ng/m3. Using the response surface methodology, the maximum bioaccessibility of difenoconazole in the three simulated lung fluids was 35.33% gamble's solution (GS), 34.12% artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF), and 42.06% simulated interstitial lung fluid (SLF), respectively. Taking the proliferation activity of A549 cell model as the endpoint, the benchmark dose limit (BMDL) and benchmark dose (BMD) of difenoconazole on A549 cells were 16.36 and 5.60 mg/kg, respectively. The margin of exposure of difenoconazole in GS, ALF and SLF were respectively 8.66×105‐5.28×106, 8.97×105‐5.47×106 and 7.28×105‐4.44×106.ConclusionThe results of the risk assessment indicate that under any circumstances, applying difenoconazole is safe for people around farmland. However, a fan‐shaped nozzle, wettable powder and higher inhalation height increase the risk of inhalation.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Bioaccessibility, source impact and probabilistic health risk of the toxic metals in PM2.5 based on lung fluids test and Monte Carlo simulations

Cited by 25 publications

References 55 publications

Substantial changes in gaseous pollutants and chemical compositions in fine particles in the North China Plain during the COVID-19 lockdown period: anthropogenic vs. meteorological influences

Substantial changes in gaseous pollutants and chemical compositions in fine particles in the North China Plain during the COVID-19 lockdown period: anthropogenic vs. meteorological influences

Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM2.5 Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China

In vitro inhalation bioaccessibility and health risk assessment of difenoconazole in the atmosphere

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