Bio-Geochemical Processes: Insights from Fe-Mn Mineralization in the Aegean Sea (Greece)

Vasilatos, Charalampos; Kampouroglou, Evdokia E.; Megremi, Ifigeneia; Economou-Eliopoulos, Maria

doi:10.3390/min12101303

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Fe-Mn mineralization in Lavreotiki area is generally hosted within carbonate rocks, close to the surface of the detachment faults and the contacts between lower and upper marbles with the Kessariani schist. The characteristic features of that type of Fe-Mn mineralization seems to be the result of multistage supergene processes superimposed over initial hydrothermal stages (Vasilatos and Economou-Eliopoulos, 2018;Vasilatos et al, 2022). The occurrence of abundant bacteriomophic Fe-Mn-oxides/hydroxides in those deposits has been attributed by Vasilatos and Economou-Eliopoulos (2018) and Vasilatos et al (2022) to bacteria-driven redox reactions during those ore-forming processes.…”

Section: Fig 2 Georeferenced (Projection Utm34 -Wgs84mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristic features of that type of Fe-Mn mineralization seems to be the result of multistage supergene processes superimposed over initial hydrothermal stages (Vasilatos and Economou-Eliopoulos, 2018;Vasilatos et al, 2022). The occurrence of abundant bacteriomophic Fe-Mn-oxides/hydroxides in those deposits has been attributed by Vasilatos and Economou-Eliopoulos (2018) and Vasilatos et al (2022) to bacteria-driven redox reactions during those ore-forming processes. However, typical iron-rich gossan formations are located at, or close to, the surface of the detachment fault.…”

Section: Fig 2 Georeferenced (Projection Utm34 -Wgs84mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the capability of Sentinel-2 and Worldview-3 VNIR satellite data to detect mineralized zones at an igneous intrusion in the Koutala islet (Lavreotiki, Greece) using laboratory mineralogical analysis, reflectance spectroscopy and spectral indices

et al. 2023

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During the last decades, the rapid progress of remote sensing data processing for their utilization in detecting locations of possible sites linked to hydrothermal alteration and ores has gained increasing attention due to significant time and cost savings. In this study, we present the findings of a joint remote sensing and laboratory examination of a mineralization zone induced by a granitoid intrusion onshore the islet of “Koutala”, in Lavreotiki, central Greece. Our objective is to investigate the potential of Sentinel-2 and WorldView-3 VNIR satellite data to detect and map oxidized ore zones and alteration minerals that are detected from laboratory analysis of samples and could be linked to Fe-Mn mineralization. Two approaches are followed, namely reflectance spectroscopy and spectral indices. In reflectance spectroscopy, the spectral signatures of all minerals detected in the study area are retrieved from spectral libraries. The signatures are resampled to Sentinel-2 and to WorldView-3 VNIR spectral bands. Continuum-removal is then applied and the diagnostic absorption features of each mineral are detected for each spectral band configuration. The dataset with the best spectral configuration for mineral detection is then used for the production of mineral maps using the corresponding satellite image. The second approach involves the calculation of spectral indices, namely ferric, ferrous iron and hydroxyl-bearing alteration, on reflectance spectra. The ferric iron index is applied to both satellite datasets while the two other indices require the use of SWIR bands and therefore, they can be only calculated on Sentinel-2 data. All results show that laboratory and satellite data analyses results are consistent and complementary. WorldView-3 VNIR data seem to be sensitive only to the ferric and manganese phase. Sentinel-2 data seem to be capable to detect and map all alteration minerals that are potentially linked to Fe-Mn ore, including both ferric and ferrous phases. The mineral absorption and spectral indices maps show that in the investigated area, there is significant mineralization related to the granitoid intrusion. Hydrothermal alteration is observed on the entire surface of the islet but it seems to be stronger at the eastern part of the islet where the granitoid/schist contact is located. It is the first time that (i) minerals linked to a potential Fe-Mn ore are detected on the islet and (b) the corresponding alteration mineral maps are produced from satellite data, revealing their spatial distribution and providing indirect estimations of the degree of their presence.

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Section: Fig 2 Georeferenced (Projection Utm34 -Wgs84mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fig 2 Georeferenced (Projection Utm34 -Wgs84mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the capability of Sentinel-2 and Worldview-3 VNIR satellite data to detect mineralized zones at an igneous intrusion in the Koutala islet (Lavreotiki, Greece) using laboratory mineralogical analysis, reflectance spectroscopy and spectral indices

et al. 2023

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“…Although the Pt, Pd, and Rh bio-accumulation factors for shoots of plants/crops are relatively low, the increasing number of cars with catalytic converters in Greece and the relatively high bio-accumulation in the food chain may highlight a potential risk for human health and ecosystems, and the need for special attention on their bio-accumulation and bio-accessibility on a global scale. The third paper, by Vasilatos et al [3], on bio-geochemical evidence from Fe-Mn mineralization in the Aegean Sea (Greece) provides a compilation of new and existing mineralogical and geochemical data on Fe-Mn mineralization from the Aegean region, including Attica (Grammatiko, Legrena, and Varnavas), Evia, and Milos island, and provides new insights on the genesis of Fe-Mn mineralization in that region. The bacterio-morphic Fe-Mn-oxides/hydroxides within Mn-Fe mineralization are a common feature within Mn-Fe deposits in the areas of Varnavas and Milos Island, and in Fe-Mn deposits in the Legrena Valley (Lavrion), which may reflect the catalytic role of microorganisms in redox reactions that govern the formation of these Mn-Fe and Fe-Mn mineral phases.…”

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Editorial for the Special Issue “Bio-Geochemistry of Heavy Metals/Metalloids”

Megremi

Economou-Eliopoulos

2023

Minerals

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This Special Issue “Bio-Geochemistry of Heavy Metals/Metalloids” contains a series of papers that cover a range of topics highlighting the role of microorganisms in ore-forming biochemical processes and potential environmental risk (the first to fourth papers), in the assessment of potentially toxic element contamination using plants and living benthic Foraminifera (the fifth and sixth papers), and in the phytoremediation of contaminated land (the seventh paper) [...]

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Bio-Geochemical Processes: Insights from Fe-Mn Mineralization in the Aegean Sea (Greece)

Cited by 2 publications

References 82 publications

Investigating the capability of Sentinel-2 and Worldview-3 VNIR satellite data to detect mineralized zones at an igneous intrusion in the Koutala islet (Lavreotiki, Greece) using laboratory mineralogical analysis, reflectance spectroscopy and spectral indices

Investigating the capability of Sentinel-2 and Worldview-3 VNIR satellite data to detect mineralized zones at an igneous intrusion in the Koutala islet (Lavreotiki, Greece) using laboratory mineralogical analysis, reflectance spectroscopy and spectral indices

Editorial for the Special Issue “Bio-Geochemistry of Heavy Metals/Metalloids”

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