Bio-Floc Technology: Prospects & Challenges in Fish Farming of Nepal

Abstract

Bio-floc technology is the blue revolution in aquaculture & new technique of enhancing water quality & utilizing feed wastes in the aquaculture system. It follows the concept of conversion of ammonium in addition to organic nitrogenous wastes into bacterial biomass in where heterotrophic bacterial growth is stimulated & nitrogen uptake through the production of microbial proteins is promoted by the addition of carbohydrates to the pond. Nitrogen generated by uneaten feed and excreta of cultured organisms is converted into proteinaceous feed available for those same organisms. This technique recycles nutrients & nitrogenous wastes by maintaining a high carbon: nitrogen ratio and provides essential & higher quality nutrition to the shrimps & fishes in achieving fast growth, lesser FCR & possibility to prevent diseases. Water requirement in BFT is extremely less & it is advantageous than the conventional system where there is continuous water & nutrient recycling, lower FCR. On the other hand, many challenges are existing in practicing bio-floc in Nepal as it requires frequent pond monitoring by the technical manpower. The choice of carbon source should be made wisely and correctly as the performance of fish and water quality in the bio-floc ponds depend highly upon carbon source. Further, vitamins required for fish may not be produced by microbes thus needed to identify them and supply through the feed. However, the practice of bio-floc technology will be proven worth for farmers in Nepal.
 Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 140-145

Biofloc Technology: Optimizing Aquaculture through Microbial Innovation

“…The operational challenges in biofloc technology encompass various aspects such as the need for significant energy input, substantial initial and ongoing expenses, effective waste management, scarcity of skilled personnel, inadequate system design, costly aeration requirements, elimination of suspended solids, ensuring appropriate water quality, comprehending operational, aquatic, and microbial dynamics, disease control, and maintaining sufficient alkalinity levels [6,60]. Effective control of the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is essential for cultivating advantageous microbial communities in the biofloc system [61].…”