Bio-Economic and Qualitative Impact of Reduced Herbicide use in Direct Seeded Fine Rice Through Multipurpose Tree Water Extracts

Abstract

Weed control program should be environmentally benign and cost-effective so that reduced herbicide use can help meet these goals. Field trials were conducted to assess the bio-economic and qualitative impact of reduced doses (25 and 50% of label dose) of a postemergence pyrimidinyloxybenzoic acid herbicide (bispyribac-sodium) applied alone or in combination with multipurpose tree (eucalyptus [Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.], mango [Mangifera indica L.], and mulberry [Morus alba L.]) water extracts in direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields. The label dose of bispyribac-sodium and penoxsulam along with weed control were included for comparison. Tank mixing of multipurpose tree water extracts with reduced herbicide doses accounted for > 55% suppression in weed density and > 75% in dry weight; they were quite higher than those recorded for the same herbicide doses used alone. A combination of these extracts with 50% reduced dose of bispyribac-sodium improved rice yield and quality attributes similar to the label dose of this herbicide. Despite the higher net benefits associated with label herbicide dose, the maximum marginal rate of return was achieved with a tank mix of 25% label herbicide dose with multipurpose tree water extracts.

Potential Allelopathic Effect of Wheat Straw Aqueous Extract on Bermudagrass Noxious Weed

“…In addition, a significant decline in all morphological growth parameters of the seedling was observed. Our findings are supported by the results of several previous publications, reporting a suppressive effect of wheat aqueous extracts on the germination of different weed species; Portulaca oleracea L. and Stellaria media L. [46], pigweed and perennial ryegrass [20,21,28,47,48], blackgrass [23], Avena fatua L. [24], Trianthema portulcastrum [49,50], Amaranthus retroflexus, S. media and Digitaria ciliaris [51], Eclipta prostrate L., Echinochloa crus-galli L. [52], A. fatua L. and Sisymbrium orientale L. [53], Bromus japonicus L. and Chenopodium album L. [54] and canola [55]. The decrease in weed seed germination reported in some studies reached 86% in pigweed [28,47], which is quite close to our results, where germination inhibition of bermudagrass achieved 61.7% for aqueous wheat extract.…”

The Effect of Sorghum Bicolor Extracts and Lower Rate of Trifluralin Herbicide on Weeds in Vigna Sinensis L.

“…However, when a half-full dose of trifluralin herbicide was applied to plots with sorghum deposits at 800mg/m-2, the suppression of weed population and dry biomass was comparable to that achieved by the entire rate, suggesting the possibility of halving herbicide dosage. This finding supports the goals of the current study and backs up a previous notion given by [35] that a herbicide in combination with allelopathic circumstances might enjoy integral cooperation, limiting herbicide usage for weed control in field crops. When working in tandem with allelopathic circumstances, it seems that a lower dosage of herbicide may be possible to provide adequate weed control.…”

Influence of weed management practices on direct-seeded rice grown under rainfed and irrigated agroecosystems

“…The observed increases in these growth characteristics relative to weedy control point to the efficacy of various weed control measures in reducing weed growth, which subsequently reduced weed crop competition for any of the growth variables. Similar findings were also reported by Anwar et al (2011) and Khaliq et al (2012).…”