Bio-ecology, by Frederic E. Clements ... and Victor E. Shelford ...

Clements, Frederic E.; Shelford, V. E.

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.6424

Cited by 59 publications

(81 citation statements)

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“…He argued that a workable concept of dispersaVmigration must involve, in addition to simple change in position (Croizat's "translation in space"), a factor of form-making. This is because form-making by itself, for example the evolution of a character, may change the geographic position of that character, without any of the physical movement of individuals always assumed as fundamental by authors such as Clements & Shelford (1939) or Nelson & Platnick (1981) in their own concept of "dispersal"f'migration" .…”

Section: Introduction To New Zealand Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrating earth and life sciences in New Zealand natural history: The parallel arcs model

Heads

1989

New Zealand Journal of Zoology

102

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Attention is drawn to the parallel arc patterns permeating much of New Zealand biogeographic structure. The fracturing and creation of such parallel arcs by tectonic movement and erosion has brought about vast disjunctions in many plant and animal groups. The major arcs of distribution correlate with zones of tectonic activity such as plate and terrane margins, fracture zones, and belts of granitic intrusion. Other arcs may be the result of evolution along the Tertiary shores of inland bodies of water. The altitude of many communities in New Zealand also appears to conform to biogeographic and tectonic trends, with higher altitude communities having been derived by the uplift of mid-Tertiary lowland-coastal communities. Evolution is interpreted here as proceeding largely by phases of population reorganisation, for example in the formation of Cretaceous hybrid swarms, and "recrystallisation" in which ancient ranges are "frozen", even in weedy taxa. Such processes correlate spatially with zones of tectonic and physiographic disturbance.

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Section: Introduction To New Zealand Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a process has generally been labelled dispersal or migration-for example Clements & Shelford (1939) proposed a very broad concept of migration which would include "any and all changes of position". Croizat simply enlarged the concept even further.…”

Section: Introduction To New Zealand Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating earth and life sciences in New Zealand natural history: The parallel arcs model

Heads

1989

New Zealand Journal of Zoology

102

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“…248-249). For this he drew on the ideas of the American plant ecologist Frederic Clements and zoologist Victor Shelford, who believed that ecosystems, in successions, always tended towards a stable climax state with a predictable constellation of characteristic species (Dasmann, 1973b, p. 1;Clements and Shelford, 1939). Ecosystems' climax states in different world regions-so-called ''biomes''-were much alike, containing similar flora and fauna, Clements and Shelford proposed.…”

Section: The Legacy Of the Ibpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation Compromises: The MAB and the Legacy of the International Biological Program, 1964–1974

Schleper

2016

J Hist Biol

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Abstract. This article looks at the International Biological Program (IBP) as the predecessor of UNESCO's well-known and highly successful Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB). It argues that international conservation efforts of the 1970s, such as the MAB, must in fact be understood as a compound of two opposing attempts to reform international conservation in the 1960s. The scientific framework of the MAB has its origins in disputes between high-level conservationists affiliated with the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) about what the IBP meant for the future of conservation. Their respective visions entailed different ecological philosophies as much as diverging sets of political ideologies regarding the global implementation of conservation. Within the IBP's Conservation Section, one group propagated a universal systems approach to conservation with a centralized, technocratic management of nature and society by an elite group of independent scientific experts. Within IUCN, a second group based their notion of environmental expert roles on a more descriptive and local ecology of resource mapping as practiced by UNESCO. When the IBP came to an end in 1974, both groups' ecological philosophies played into the scientific framework underlying the MAB's World Network or Biosphere Reserves. The article argues that it is impossible to understand the course of conservation within the MAB without studying the dynamics and discourses between the two underlying expert groups and their respective visions for reforming conservation.

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“…Очевидно, В экологической сукцессии, индивиду-альном развитии экосистем также существует подобная система развития. От «эмбриона» биогеоценоза (Сукачев, 1972) до климакса (Clements, Shelford, 1939) экосистема прохо-дит ряд стадий, ряд состояний, которые мы и можем наблюдать в тот или иной момент.…”

Section: принцип хаэссеитасunclassified

Structure, Evolution of the Biosphere and Possible Ways of Noospherogenesis

Протасов¹

2016

J. Sib. Fed. Univ., Biol.

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Bio-ecology, by Frederic E. Clements ... and Victor E. Shelford ...

Cited by 59 publications

References 0 publications

Integrating earth and life sciences in New Zealand natural history: The parallel arcs model

Integrating earth and life sciences in New Zealand natural history: The parallel arcs model

Conservation Compromises: The MAB and the Legacy of the International Biological Program, 1964–1974

Structure, Evolution of the Biosphere and Possible Ways of Noospherogenesis

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