Bio-Copolyesters of Poly(butylene succinate)(PBS) Containing Long Chain Bio-Based Glycol

Abstract

Graphical AbstractAbstract Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) is a thermoplastic and biodegradable polyester characterized by high rigidity due to its high crystallinity. However, the use of long chain biobased monomers to produce segmented copolymers is an effective strategy to tailor the properties of PBS, such as greater flexibility. In this paper, a series of aliphatic bio-copolyesters of poly(butylene succinatedilinoleic succinate) (PBS-DLS) were successfully synthesized via a direct two-step polycondensation method using a semi-pilot scale reactor for melt polymerization and titanium dioxide/silicon dioxide coprecipitate catalyst (C-94). In this study, the thermal and mechanical properties were investigated and compared, focusing on the effect of varying the amount of biobased dilinoleic diol in the structure. With increasing amount of long chain diol, an increase in molecular weight, density, and melt flow index was observed. The semicrystalline nature of the copolymers was confirmed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) methods. These copolymers exhibit two main transition temperatures and vary in softness and processing flexibility. Furthermore, in the DSC data a linear trend was observed with increasing wt.% of hard PBS segments, which can be described by the Gordon-Taylor equation. Increasing the soft DLS segment content in the copolymer series resulted in an increase in the elastic behavior of the polymers. The broad range of crystallization temperatures and melt flow index values indicates that a polyester library with customizable properties that spans PBS applications has been successfully obtained. KEY WORDSpoly(butylene succinate), polycondensation, titanium dioxide, thermal properties, mechanical tests Recent research has focused on the synthesis of "green" polymers: biodegradable polymers that are derived from renewable resources, offering much improved sustainability [8][9][10]. Of particular interest is the aliphatic polyester poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) [11], that was "rediscovered" in the early 90's and commercialized by Mitsubishi Chemicals Corporation and Showa-Denko under trademark Bionolle TM . Due to its susceptibility to decomposition, ease of processing, and durability, PBS is widely investigated for use in biomaterials, including tissue engineering [12]. Further, incorporating PBS as a building block in copolymer synthesis is a versatile strategy towards tailoring its properties and obtaining materials with a two-domain crystalline and amorphous structure [13,14]. Therefore, to understand the structure-property relationship of these new materials, it is necessary to study their crystal structures, thermal properties, and mechanical behavior.To tailor the advantageous properties of PBS for use in various applications, including biomedicine, the amount of PBS introduced during polymer synthesis can be systematically varied, yielding materials that range from soft and rubber-like to stiff and mechanically stable [15][16][17]. Many e...