"Bio-Based Epoxy Resins and Composites From Epoxidized Linseed Oil Crosslinked With Different Cyclic Anhydrides and Their Combination With Lignin"

Abstract

Biobased resins and composites with high biobased carbon content were prepared and characterized. Epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) was copolymerized with four cyclic anhydrides, the initiation step being optimized in terms of initiator nature and its ratio. The optimized ELO/anhydride formulations were combined with a high load of lignin, as biofiller, ~30 wt%. The obtained materials were characterized by TGA, DSC, DMA, gel content, water absorption (WA) and Shore hardness tests. The results revealed very good thermomechanical properties, high gel content and low WA, opening the way to their utilization as a sustainable alternative to oil-based resins and composites.

Comparative Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Sustainable Epoxy Polymer Networks Derived from Linseed Oil

“…Data were collected from −40 °C to 100 °C, using a heating rate of 5 °C/min. Based on the DMA information and reported procedure, crosslink density (mol/m 3 ) was calculated for the studied ELO-based materials [ 21 ] using the equation: where: E′ = storage modulus at T = Tg + 30 °C, R = gas constant, T = temperature (in K) corresponding to the storage modulus value.…”

Epoksydowane Oleje Roślinne – Zastosowanie W Nowoczesnych Materiałach Polimerowych

“…Epoksydowany olej lniany wykorzystano również do otrzymania kompozytu z ligniną, wprowadzoną w ilości 30% wag., która pełniła rolę napełniacza i komonomeru [24]. Jako środki sieciujące testowano różne bezwodniki kwasowe.…”

Influence of Keratin on Epoxidized Linseed Oil Curing and Thermoset Performances

“…ELO has also been used in various studies for the development of composites either reinforced with fibers 19 or filled with micro-or nanoparticles. 20,21 Another biorenewable raw material used in this study is represented by keratin from chicken feathers, which are mainly obtained as a byproduct from the poultry industry. Keratin is a biopolymer with a hierarchical structure, which can organize into two conformations such as α-helix (by intramolecular hydrogen bonds) and β-sheets (by interchain hydrogen bonds between amino and carbonyl groups).…”

“…The authors obtained green thermosetting systems with a biosourced ratio over 60% (ELO/MHHPA) and 70% (ELO/BTDA), with high thermal stability ( T 10% = 333–337 °C), high T g values (134 °C for ELO/MHHPA and 245 °C for ELO/BTDA), and toughened mechanical properties making these thermosets potentially appropriate in electronic applications. ELO has also been used in various studies for the development of composites either reinforced with fibers or filled with micro- or nanoparticles. , …”