Binomial Sequential Sampling for Management of Aster Leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) and Aster Yellows Phytoplasma in Carrot: Impact of Tally Threshold on the Accuracy of Treatment Decisions

Cost-Effective Binomial Sequential Sampling of Western Bean Cutworm, Striacosta albicosta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Egg Masses in Corn

“…(Table 1). If the decision criterion was only based on the large value of the total correct decision (AϩD) (Burkness et al 1999), the simulation with a range of variation of 0.04 Ð 0.12 seems to be the most appropriate (Table 1). For the 20% threshold, the simulation with a range of variation of 0.15Ð 0.25 was selected as the most appropriate (Table 1).…”

“…Sequential sampling simulations were validated using independent Þeld data for each action threshold and a decision matrix was used as an extension of the validation process (Calvin et al 1986, Burkness et al 1999, Burkness and Hutchison 2009). Our decision matrix calculates the probability of making the correct decision (treat or no-treat).…”

“…Binomial sampling plan beneÞts were analyzed using a beneÞt-cost ratio formula (Burkness et al 1999, Hodgson et al 2004, Galvan et al 2007) as follows:…”

Development of Binomial Sequential Sampling Plans for Forecasting <I>Listronotus maculicollis</I> (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Larvae Based on the Relationship to Adult Counts and Turfgrass Damage

“…An ideal sampling plan theoretically would be neither conservative nor liberal when values are estimated around the CP (equaling 0.50). Second, four cell probability matrices were constructed to evaluate the proportion of correct management decisions generated by each of the eight binomial sequential sampling plans (Burkness et al 1999). Four outcomes can occur after the cumulative number of adults has crossed an upper or lower stop-line: a correct decision to take action to treat (A), an incorrect decision to treat (B), an incorrect decision not to treat (C), or a correct decision not to treat (D).…”

Identificação molecular de fitoplasmas associados ao enfezamento do repolho e análise epidemiológica da doença

“…de fitoplasmas e muito semelhantes àqueles já relatados em outros países (BERTACCINI et al, 1990;MARCONE et al, 1997;VIBIO et al, 1996;LEE et al, 2001;LEE et al 2003 Delphacidae, ambas relatadas como vetoras de fitoplasmas em outras partes do mundo (BATLLE et al, 2000;MURRAL et al, 1996, BURKNESS et al, 1999 investigação perseverante produziu resultados confiáveis que permitiram comprovar a hipótese formulada inicialmente de que fitoplasma estaria associado a esta importante doença. Ressalta-se que esta pesquisa também contribuiu para disseminar um pouco mais de conhecimento sobre os fitoplasmas, uma vez que agricultores e técnicos passaram a considerar estes microrganismos como mais um agente causal de doenças de plantas, ao lado de fungos, bactérias, vírus e nematóides.…”