Binocular Photophobia After Surgical Treatment in Intermittent Exotropia

Lew, Helen; Kim, Chang‐Ho; Yun, Young-Soo; Han, Seung-Han

doi:10.1097/opx.0b013e31815b9dec

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The rate of remission of photophobia after surgery was 57.2% in one report, 12 which was similar to the rates of improvement in squinting or photophobia after surgery in the present report (64.8 or 59.4%, respectively). They also reported that age, sex, and angle of deviation at a distance and a near range were not associated with the disappearance of photophobia in the satisfactory group, which was defined as a postoperative angle of deviation less than 10 PD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Squinting and Photophobia in Intermittent Exotropia

Oh¹,

Suh

Choung

et al. 2014

Optometry and Vision Science

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More than 50% of patients with intermittent exotropia had squinting or photophobia, and approximately 60% of symptomatic patients experienced improvement postoperatively. The onset of strabismus, near fusion, superior oblique overaction, and fundus intorsion were related to these symptoms. Early surgery and successful eye position realignment were beneficial for improving squinting postoperatively.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…10,11 Another study showed that a large preoperative angle of deviation and decreased stereopsis were associated with binocular photophopia. 12 However, the detailed features of exotropia were not included in that investigation. In addition, ''squinting'' and ''photophobia'' were considered as equivalent concepts in these studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Squinting and Photophobia in Intermittent Exotropia

Oh¹,

Suh

Choung

et al. 2014

Optometry and Vision Science

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“…(Wang & Chryssanthou, 1988) Lew et al found that a majority of patients with intermittent XT exhibit photophobia and that surgical correction alleviates this symptom in many patients. (Lew et al, 2007) We previously made the preliminary observation in a subset of the current cohort that the primary concern of children with intermittent XT appeared to be closure of one eye in sunlight. (Hatt et al, 2010b) Our current study confirms this finding in a larger cohort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Specific Health-Related Quality of Life Concerns in Children with Intermittent Exotropia

2012

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Purpose To assess the frequency of specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) concerns in children with intermittent exotropia (XT) using the Intermittent Exotropia Questionnaire (IXTQ). Methods 80 children with intermittent XT (aged 5 to <17 years), plus one parent for each child, completed the Child and Proxy IXTQ respectively. Each item was scored from 0 to 100 (worst to best HRQOL). Mean scores were calculated for each item and items were ranked from lowest to highest impact (worst HRQOL). Analysis was repeated for sub-groups of 5- to <8- (n=46) and 8- to <17- (n=34) year olds. Results Highest impact Child IXTQ items were: “It bothers me that I have to shut one eye when it is sunny,” “I worry about my eyes,” and “It bothers me because I have to wait for my eyes to clear up.” Highest impact Proxy IXTQ items were: “It bothers my child because he/she has to shut one eye when it is sunny” and “My child worries about his/her eyes.” Lowest impact Child and Proxy items were “My eyes make it hard to make friends,” and “Kids tease me because of my eyes.” Ranking of items was similar for younger and older children. Conclusions The greatest HRQOL concerns for children with intermittent XT were shutting one eye when sunny, waiting for their eyes to clear up, and worrying about their eyes. Items related to teasing and making friends were of least concern. Evaluation of HRQOL concerns using the IXTQ may be helpful in the clinical care of individual patients.

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“…This symptom affects the patient's health-related quality of life, 3 and it often persists even after successful strabismus surgery. 4 Several studies have suggested that the mechanism of TEC is a decreased threshold of bright light, abnormal binocular summation, diplopia, or Fechner's paradox, which is, in brief, the apparent increase in the brightness of a gure caused by closing one eye after viewing the gure with both eyes open. [4][5][6][7] Although many studies considered TEC and photosensitivity as synonyms, 6,8−10 the association between TEC and photosensitivity is still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Transient Eye Closure associated with Bright light in the Patients with Intermittent Exotropia

Choi

Jang

Kim

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: To present a simple method to evaluate transient eye closure (TEC) under bright light using binocular pupillometry in children with intermittent exotropia (IXT). Methods: Sixty-one children with IXT were studied using binocular pupillometry. Each patient was exposed to each phase as follows: scotopic phase (darkness) for 3,300 ms, mesopic phase for 200 ms, scotopic phase for 3,300 ms, low-intensity white light phase (10 cd/m2) for 200 ms, scotopic phase for 3,300 ms, and high-intensity white light phase (100 cd/m2) for 200 ms. TEC was present if the subject closed eyes immediately more than half in response to light, compared with the one in the scotopic phase. We assessed the agreement between TEC and self-reporting photosensitivity, and also evaluated the associated factors for the presence of TEC in IXT patients.Results: With the new method to evaluate TEC under different light intensities, 27 (44.3%) of the 61 IXT patients showed TEC, and 34 (55.7%) did not demonstrate TEC. TEC under high-intensity white light had a strong correlation with photosensitivity (r = 0.77). The smaller angle of deviation at near was associated with the presence of TEC, with statistical significance (p = 0.04). Normal sensory status at distance was significantly associated with TEC (p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression analysis showed that normal sensory status was significantly associated with TEC (p = 0.02).Conclusions: The test using binocular pupillometry is useful in identifying TEC related to bright light, and the presence of TEC was strongly correlated with photosensitivity in patients with IXT.

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Binocular Photophobia After Surgical Treatment in Intermittent Exotropia

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Squinting and Photophobia in Intermittent Exotropia

Squinting and Photophobia in Intermittent Exotropia

Specific Health-Related Quality of Life Concerns in Children with Intermittent Exotropia

Investigation of Transient Eye Closure associated with Bright light in the Patients with Intermittent Exotropia

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