Binge Drinking and Blood Pressure: Cross-Sectional Results of the HAPIEE Study

Abstract

ObjectivesTo investigate whether binge drinking pattern influences blood pressure independently from drinking volume or whether it modifies the effect of volume of drinking.MethodsWe used cross-sectional data from population samples of 7559 men and 7471 women aged 45–69 years in 2002-05, not on antihypertensive medication, from Russia, Poland and Czech Republic. Annual alcohol intake, drinking frequency and binge drinking (≥100 g in men and ≥60 g in women in one session at least once a month) were estimated from graduated frequency questionnaire. Blood pressure was analysed as continuous variables (systolic and diastolic pressure) and a binary outcome (≥140/90 mm Hg).ResultsIn men, annual alcohol intake and drinking frequency were strongly associated with blood pressure. The odds ratio of high blood pressure for binge drinking in men was 1.62 (95% CI 1.45–1.82) after controlling for age, country, body mass index, education and smoking; additional adjustment for annual alcohol intake reduced it to 1.20 (1.03–1.39). In women, the fully adjusted odds ratio of high blood pressure for binge drinking was 1.31 (1.05–1.63). Binge drinking did not modify the effect of annual alcohol intake. Consuming alcohol as wine, beer or spirits had similar effects.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the independent long-term effect of binge drinking was modest, that binge drinking did not modify the effect of alcohol intake, and that different alcoholic beverages had similar effects on blood pressure.

Effects of Repeated Binge Drinking on Blood Pressure Levels and Other Cardiovascular Health Metrics in Young Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011‐2014

“…Over the past decade, long‐standing differences in drinking patterns between men and women have been converging, such that prevalence rates of binge drinking are rising in women while they remain unchanged in men 36. Studies that have examined the effects of binge drinking on cardiovascular parameters, such as BP have included men and women, but not all of these have determined the potential interaction effect of sex 2, 27. More research is needed to ascertain sex differences in the effects of binge drinking on the cardiovascular system and metabolic parameters in young adult men and women.…”

“…In middle‐aged and older adults, binge drinking is associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and hypertension 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Binge drinking is also associated with an increased likelihood of developing prehypertension, previously defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) between 120 and 140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between 70 and 90 mm Hg 6.…”

Interação Medicamentosa Entre Fármacos Anti-Hipertensivos Em Usuários De Bebida Alcoólica

“…Apesar das evidencias que o consumo moderado de álcool é muito menos prejudicial e até benéfico, a inexistência de um limite rígido para todas as pessoas, ou seja, não existe estanquicidade naquilo que se pode considerar altas e baixas doses de álcool para cada pessoa, limita sua utilidade benéfica a saúde 11 . Apesar dessas evidências, quando se avalia a associação do etanol e hipertensão arterial, as elevações pressóricas têm sido observadas mesmo em consumo leve de etanol 33 . Levando ao aumento da incidência de insuficiência cardiovascular que inclui arritmias, miocardiopatia e acidente vascular encefálico hemorrágico, que acabam por suplantar os efeitos benéficos do álcool nas artérias 34 .…”

“…Diminuir ou restringir o consumo de álcool leva a uma redução da PA e um aumento significativo da potência e eficácia terapêutica anti-hipertensiva. Fato comprovado em estudos de intervenção de redução de consumo de álcool onde observou-se diminuição da pressão arterial e novamente elevação da mesma com a reintrodução do consumo de etanol, demonstrando assim, a reversibilidade dos efeitos do álcool na elevação da PA 11,12,33,39,41,42 .…”

“…No cérebro leva a alterações no humor e no comportamento do indivíduo, no fígado pode levar a inflamações e alterações no seu funcionamento, causando problemas como: cirrose hepática, esteatose, fibrose e até mesmo hepatite; no sistema imunológico, o indivíduo fica mais propenso a contrair doenças como pneumonia e tuberculose, pois diminui a capacidade do corpo para evitar infecções. Nos consumidores de grandes quantidades de álcool foram também observados efeitos periféricos e centrais, dentre eles um aumento para o risco de hemorragia subaracnóide e menor risco de acidente vascular cerebral oclusivo 11,33,39,44 .…”