Binding S_0.6Se_0.4 in 1D Carbon Nanofiber with CS Bonding for High‐Performance Flexible Li–S Batteries and Na–S Batteries

Abstract

A one-step synthesis procedure is developed to prepare flexible S Se @carbon nanofibers (CNFs) electrode by coheating S Se powder with electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber papers at 600 °C. The obtained S Se @CNFs film can be used as cathode material for high-performance Li-S batteries and room temperature (RT) Na-S batteries directly. The superior lithium/sodium storage performance derives from its rational structure design, such as the chemical bonding between Se and S, the chemical bonding between S Se and CNFs matrix, and the 3D CNFs network. This easy one-step synthesis procedure provides a feasible route to prepare electrode materials for high-performance Li-S and RT Na-S batteries.

Controllable Chain‐Length for Covalent Sulfur–Carbon Materials Enabling Stable and High‐Capacity Sodium Storage

“…2019, 9, 1803478 the SC-BDSA intermediate electrode in the first charge/ discharge process. On full discharged state (Figure 6b), the chemical bonded S and physical trapped S peaks are disappeared, mainly replaced by the peaks of Na 2 S 2 /Na 2 S. [11,25] In addition, the peaks beyond 165.5 eV are probably due to sodium sulfonate and polythionate complex by the internal disproportionation reaction. All the binding energies are calibrated with respect to the C1s peak at 284.8 eV.…”

“…[8][9][10][11] In the process of cycle, the elemental sulfur of the cathode is dissolvated, reduced to form various soluble polysulfides, that is, S x 2− ions and radicals (1 ≤ x ≤ 8), and eventually the insoluble Na 2 S 2 and Na 2 S. [8,10,12] However, the practical applications are seriously hindered by several obstacles, in which the fundamental challenges are originated from the insulating properties of elemental sulfur and sodium sulfides, the volume changes at the cathode on cycling and the dissolution of sodium poly sulfides in the electrolyte. [8][9][10][11] In the process of cycle, the elemental sulfur of the cathode is dissolvated, reduced to form various soluble polysulfides, that is, S x 2− ions and radicals (1 ≤ x ≤ 8), and eventually the insoluble Na 2 S 2 and Na 2 S. [8,10,12] However, the practical applications are seriously hindered by several obstacles, in which the fundamental challenges are originated from the insulating properties of elemental sulfur and sodium sulfides, the volume changes at the cathode on cycling and the dissolution of sodium poly sulfides in the electrolyte.…”

Nanotube-like hard carbon as high-performance anode material for sodium ion hybrid capacitors

“…The development of ECs is restricted by low energy density [6][7][8]. On the contrary, the other type of crucial energy-storage devices such as electrochemical batteries including Li-ion [9,10], Li-O 2 [11,12], Li-S [13], Na-ion [14,15] and double-ion batteries [16,17], etc., have been extensively accepted to be durable and of high energy density to supply prolonged operation in a majority of electronic equipments. However, owing to slow insertion/extraction dynamics, these batteries show unsatisfactory power output.…”

Long‐Life Room‐Temperature Sodium–Sulfur Batteries by Virtue of Transition‐Metal‐Nanocluster–Sulfur Interactions

“…An improved rational design of cathode materials to inhibit polysulfides dissolution is therefore urgently required for RT-Na/S batteries.Sh osts,w ith inherent polarization, are expected to enhance reactivity of Sa nd impede the shuttle effect. [9] These Sh ost cathodes with intrinsic sulfiphilic properties, such as metal sulfides [9] and metal oxides, [10] bind polysulfides and prevent their dissolution into the electrolyte.T hese however have been limited to TiO 2 , [11] Cu/CuS x , [12] Cu current foam, [13] and SSe [14] for construction of intrinsic sulfiphilic hosts in RT-Na/S batteries.M oreover,t he interaction between the polar surface of Sh osts with polysulfides is limited, and sodium polysulfides remain prone to dissolution into the electrolyte.R ecently,astrategy was established to circumvent this through reduction of polysulfides into shortchain sulfides,a nd production of Na 2 S. [15] This reduction conversion can obviate dissolution of sodium polysulfides and achieve,s imultaneously,a ni mproved capacity. [15] Tr ansitionmetal-based catalysts however have received significant attention because of low cost and abundance and, generally, excellent catalytic performance across ar ange of electrochemical reduction reactions.…”