Binding of staphylococci to mucus in vivo and in vitro

Sanford, Barbara A.; Thomas, Virginia L.; Ramsay, Mary A.

doi:10.1128/iai.57.12.3735-3742.1989

Cited by 61 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Glycoproteins are highly glycosylated proteins (Verdugo 1990; Strous & Dekker 1992; Bansil, Stanley & LaMont 1995; Cone 1999; Perez‐Vilar & Hill 1999), where the protein core is usually not accessible to pathogens due to the carbohydrate side‐chains (Variyam & Hoskins 1983). Therefore, bacteria usually bind predominantly to the carbohydrate side‐chains of the glycoproteins (Sanford, Thomas & Ramsay 1989; Sajjan et al. 1992; Mantle & Husar 1993, 1994; Ascencio et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemotaxis towards, adhesion to, and growth in carp gut mucus of two Aeromonas hydrophila strains with different pathogenicity for common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

Marel¹,

Schroers²,

Neuhaus³

et al. 2008

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Characteristics that promote bacterial colonization of the intestinal mucosal surface were examined in two strains of the common fish pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila, with different pathogenicity. The characteristics examined were chemotactic activity towards mucus, bacterial adherence to mucus and growth in mucus. Intestinal gut mucus of healthy common carp was used. The results indicate that chemotaxis is not necessary for a bacterium to become pathogenic, but it may be a necessary parameter for a bacterium to be an obligate pathogen. Adhesion also seems to be a factor influencing pathogenicity. The results suggest that higher adhesion to mucus and subsequent growth is associated with differences in pathogenicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemotaxis towards, adhesion to, and growth in carp gut mucus of two Aeromonas hydrophila strains with different pathogenicity for common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

Marel¹,

Schroers²,

Neuhaus³

et al. 2008

Journal of Fish Diseases

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“…Schwab et al (43) showed that S. aureus binding to airway epithelium, including nasal cells (ciliated and squamous), was sensitive to protease treatment of the bacteria. Sanford et al (41) studied S. aureus nasal colonization in a ferret model and found minimal adherence to respiratory epithelial cells but avid binding to the overlying mucus layer. A specific interaction of S. aureus with crude ferret mucus, as well as commercially available bovine submaxillary mucin, was demonstrated previously (41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sanford et al (41) studied S. aureus nasal colonization in a ferret model and found minimal adherence to respiratory epithelial cells but avid binding to the overlying mucus layer. A specific interaction of S. aureus with crude ferret mucus, as well as commercially available bovine submaxillary mucin, was demonstrated previously (41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Staphylococcus aureus binding to human nasal mucin

1996

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Colonization of human nasal mucosa with Staphylococcus aureus sets the stage for subsequent systemic infection. This study characterizes S. aureus adhesion to nasal mucosa in vitro and investigates the interaction of S. aureus with human nasal mucin. S. aureus binding to cell-associated and cell-free mucus was greater than to nonmucin-coated epithelial cells. Scanning electron microscopy of S. aureus incubated with human nasal mucosal tissue showed minimal binding to ciliated respiratory epithelium. In a solid-phase assay, S. aureus bound to purified human nasal mucin-coated wells significantly more than to bovine serum albumin-coated microtiter wells. Binding to mucin was saturable in a dose-and time-dependent fashion. Staphylococcal adherence to human nasal mucin was inhibited by bovine submaxillary mucin but not by fibrinogen. Pretreatment of mucin with periodate but not with pronase reduced adherence. Trypsin treatment of the bacteria significantly reduced adherence to mucin. 125 I-labelled nasal mucin bound to two surface proteins (138 and 127 kDa) of lysostaphin-solubilized S. aureus. Binding to human nasal mucin occurs in part via specific adhesinreceptor interactions involving bacterial proteins and the carbohydrate moiety in mucin. These experiments suggest that S. aureus binding to mucin may be critical for colonization of the nasopharyngeal mucosa.Staphylococcus aureus remains one of the most frequently occurring community-as well as hospital-acquired pathogens (42,44). The consequences of these infections, especially when bacteremic, are often devastating (26,44). Nasal colonization with S. aureus is common, occurs in 15 to 44% of the general population, and is usually without ill effects (29, 57). Certain groups, however, have higher rates of carriage, including dialysis patients (21, 58), diabetics (51), parenteral drug users (52), and AIDS patients (55). In these high-risk groups, there are strong epidemiologic data linking nasal carriage with an increased risk of subsequent infection. Phage typing and antibiotic susceptibility profiles suggest that the colonizing and invading strains are identical (21,53,58). Colonized individuals at risk of subsequent infection are often treated with topical antimicrobial agents in an attempt to eliminate carriage. This approach has had only limited success (56). The recent emergence of multiply antibiotic-resistant staphylococci has raised concern that effective antimicrobial regimens may not be available in the near future (25,28,47). As a result, new approaches to both the therapy and prevention of these infections must be developed.In contrast to the substantial body of epidemiologic information that exists regarding the risks of S. aureus carriage, relatively little is known of the basic host surface components or mechanisms that mediate attachment of staphylococci to the nasal mucosa. Investigators have demonstrated binding to desquamated nasal epithelial cells (3, 6), to ferret airway mucus (41), bovine submaxillary mucin (41, 46), as well as immunoglobuli...

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“…Host proteins do not enhance adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to biomaterials.Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) have become major nosocomial pathogens because of their capacity to colonize plastic biomaterials used in catheters and prosthetic devices (7). Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain this adherence to biomaterials, but the problem is far from solved (6,10,18,20). Recent studies suggest that host proteins coated onto biomaterials promote adherence of CoNS (10, 21).We have proposed that the capsular polysaccharide/adhesin (PS/A) mediates the initial adherence of CoNS to plastic biomaterials.…”

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confidence: 99%

Blood proteins do not promote adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to biomaterials

et al. 1991

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We studied the effects of in vitro and in vivo coating of catheters with human blood proteins on binding of coagulase-negative staphylococci. Coating resulted in no enhancement of binding. Catheters coated in vitro bound fewer organisms than uncoated catheters. Host proteins do not enhance adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to biomaterials.Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) have become major nosocomial pathogens because of their capacity to colonize plastic biomaterials used in catheters and prosthetic devices (7). Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain this adherence to biomaterials, but the problem is far from solved (6,10,18,20). Recent studies suggest that host proteins coated onto biomaterials promote adherence of CoNS (10, 21).We have proposed that the capsular polysaccharide/adhesin (PS/A) mediates the initial adherence of CoNS to plastic biomaterials. We noted that strains of CoNS which produced PS/A and slime (PS/A' slime') (20) adhered in high numbers to native, uncoated plastics, such as silicon elastomer. PS/Aslime-strains adhere to plastics in much smaller numbers. In the present study, we examined the effect of precoating catheters in vitro with human blood, serum, and purified blood proteins on adherence of both PS/A' slime' and PS/Aslimestrains of CoNS. We also studied adherence of CoNS to catheters coated in vivo with blood proteins after insertion into volunteers or hospitalized patients.CoNS were isolated from patients with clear-cut clinical diagnoses of catheter-related sepsis, dialysis-related peritonitis, endocarditis, or cerebrospinal fluid shunt infection and were identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis by a Sceptor System (Staphylococcus MIC/ID Panel; Becton Dickinson, Towson, Md.). Strains were categorized as PS/A' or PS/Aby enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay inhibition using polyclonal antibody specific for the PS/A antigen purified from S. epidermidis RP62A (ATCC 35984) (20). PS/A' strains showed a mean (+ standard deviation) of 75% + 12% inhibition of binding of PS/A-specific polyclonal rabbit antibody, while PS/Astrains showed a mean of 3.1% + 7% inhibition. Slime production was quantitated by measuring the optical density at 490 nm of the safranin-stained biofilms produced by inoculation of 105 to 106 CFU of CoNS per ml followed by overnight growth at 37°C in tryptic soy broth (TSB) in flat-bottomed 96-well tissue culture plates (Costar, Cambridge, Mass.). PS/A' strains produced a mean optical density of 1.25 ± 0.4, while PS/Astrains produced a mean optical density of 0.34 ± 0.08. Staphylococcus aureus Reynolds, Becker, Wood 46, and Cowan 1 were provided by Jean Lee of Harvard Medical School and were also used in the studies. * Corresponding author.To measure adherence to catheter tubing, CoNS were grown at 37°C overnight in static TSB cultures containing 25 ,uCi of Na [1-'4C]acetate (Du Pont, NEN Research Products, Boston, Mass.). The bacteria were sedimented by centrifugation and suspended in TSB. On the basis of previous reports (10, 21) that a protein ...

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Binding of staphylococci to mucus in vivo and in vitro

Cited by 61 publications

References 59 publications

Chemotaxis towards, adhesion to, and growth in carp gut mucus of two Aeromonas hydrophila strains with different pathogenicity for common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

Chemotaxis towards, adhesion to, and growth in carp gut mucus of two Aeromonas hydrophila strains with different pathogenicity for common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

Staphylococcus aureus binding to human nasal mucin

Blood proteins do not promote adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to biomaterials

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