Binding of Ribosomes to Cytoplasmic Reticulum of
            <i>Bacillus megaterium</i>

Schlessinger, David; Marchesi, V.; Kwan, Benjamin C. K.

doi:10.1128/jb.90.2.456-466.1965

Cited by 59 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These fine fibrils of approximately 15 A thickness possibly originate from plasma membrane and extend all over the cell, forming a meshwork. Similar observations have been made by others (17).…”

Section: Fig 1 Listeria Monocytogenes Cell Harvested In the Log Phasupporting

confidence: 92%

Fine Structure of Listeria monocytogenes in Relation to Protoplast Formation

Ghosh

Murray

1967

J Bacteriol

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Among the eight strains of Listeria monocytogenes tested for lysozyme sensitivity, two were resistant to lysozyme but became sensitive after lipase pretreatment. Among the other six, one was very sensitive to lipase and another one was extremely susceptible to lysozyme. Stable protoplasts were formed from the lysozyme-resistant strain (42) by lipase and lysozyme treatment, which completely digested the cell wall. The cell wall (uranyl acetate-lead stained) was of a thick triplelayered profile, with the intermediate layer of low density. Lipase treatment for a short time (60 min) did not cause any alteration in structure, but prolonged treatment (180 min) caused extensive digestion of the plasma membrane and the cell wall, liberating cytoplasmic material. When the cells were treated with either lipase or lysozyme, a small number of protoplasts were extruded through the partly digested or weakened transverse cell wall, leaving an almost intact cell wall ghost. There were small vesicular structures in the interspace between cell wall and plasma membrane. Mesosomes of varied organization were prominent in electron micrographs, both in sections and in negatively stained preparations. These were largely everted during protoplasting in the form of tubules and as small peripheral buds; a few small vesicles also remained as intrusive structures, some of which were very unusual because they appeared to be enclosed by the inner layer of plasma membrane alone. Lysis of the protoplasts by dilution of the sucrose, while maintaining a constant ionic environment, liberated many small vesicular structures and fibrillar nuclear material. Listeria monocytogenes is a small gram-positive bacillus which possesses a fine structure with an unusual organization (4). Typical dimensions are 0.4 to 0.5 by 0.5 to 2.0 At, but the morphology and Gram reaction may vary under different growth and nutritional conditions (18). The cells are surrounded by a thick multilayered cell wall (7) and a relatively thick plasma membrane (10). The latter has five distinct layers (4). The intracytoplasmic membranous structures, termed "mesosome" by Fitz-James (5) and "plasmalemmasome" by Edwards and Stevens (4), have varied organization and extensive distribution (4, 7, 10). The production of protoplasts of L. monocytogenes was originally undertaken with the aim of determining the location in the cell of the monocyte-producing agent (MPA), which was reported I Post-doctoral Fellow, Medical Research Council of Canada 1964-1966. by Stanley (19) to be present in lipid extracts of the organism. Marked variations in lysozyme sensitivity were encountered in different strains, and this paper describes methods used for protoplast formation and interesting aspects of the ultrastructure in relation to formation of the protoplast. MATERIALS AND METHODS Maintenance and cultivation of organism. Various strains of Listeria monocytogenes from the collection of the late E. G. D. Murray were used in this study. Stock cultures were maintained at room temperature on tryptose-ag...

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Section: Fig 1 Listeria Monocytogenes Cell Harvested In the Log Phasupporting

confidence: 92%

Fine Structure of Listeria monocytogenes in Relation to Protoplast Formation

Ghosh

Murray

1967

J Bacteriol

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“…Although the possibility of a fibrillar cytoplasmic network was recognized many years ago (145,163), nowadays it seems to be generally agreed that E. coli does not contain a cytoskeleton. Eukaryotic structures like microfilament bundles, microtubules, and intermediate filaments have not been detected.…”

Section: Does E Coli Have a Cytoskeleton?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphogenesis of Escherichia coli

Nanninga

1998

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

227

135

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SUMMARY The shape of Escherichia coli is strikingly simple compared to those of higher eukaryotes. In fact, the end result of E. coli morphogenesis is a cylindrical tube with hemispherical caps. It is argued that physical principles affect biological forms. In this view, genes code for products that contribute to the production of suitable structures for physical factors to act upon. After introduction of a physical model, the discussion is focused on the shape-maintaining (peptidoglycan) layer of E. coli. This is followed by a detailed analysis of the structural relationship of the cellular interior to the cytoplasmic membrane. A basic theme of this review is that the transcriptionally active nucleoid and the cytoplasmic translation machinery form a structural continuity with the growing cellular envelope. An attempt has been made to show how this dynamic relationship during the cell cycle affects cell polarity and how it leads to cell division.

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“…These observations conflicted with the original report of Schlessinger (19), who reported that at least 25% of the ribosomes of B. megaterium were bound to protoplast membranes as polyribosomes capable of controlling protein synthesis. This apparent discrepancy has now been resolved by ultrastructural studies indicating a reticular matrix extending through the cytoplasm of B. megaterium to which the ribosomes are bound (20). Upon lysis of the cell, this reticulum may fractionate with protoplast membranes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of Escherichia coli Cells Infected with Bacteriophage R17

Franklin

Granboulan

1966

J Bacteriol

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France), AND NICOLE GRANBOULAN. Ultrastructure of Escherichia coli cells infected with bacteriophage R17. J. Bacteriol. 91:834-848. 1966-Ultrastructural changes in Escherichia coli cells infected with ribonucleic acid (RNA) bacteriophage R17 were studied under conditions of one-step growth. No morphological alterations were seen during the latent period. During the period of rapid viral synthesis, a fibrillar lesion surrounded by ribonucleoprotein particles was observed in a polar region. Late in infection, paracrystalline arrays of virions were found in over 90% of the cells. When protein synthesis was blocked by chloramphenicol at 20 min postinfection, allowing continued viral RNA synthesis without production of coat protein, a dense fibrillar area appeared in a paranuclear region. Cytochemical studies were done on cells embedded in hydroxypropyl methacrylate, a water-miscible embedding agent. The paracrystalline arrays of virions were digested after extensive treatment with either pepsin or ribonuclease. Shorter digestion with pepsin resulted in better definition of the crystal regions. The fibrillar area found in chloramphenicol-treated cells was digested by ribonuclease but not by pepsin, and was also resistant to lead extraction. This region probably represents a pool of virus-specific RNA.

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Binding of Ribosomes to Cytoplasmic Reticulum of Bacillus megaterium

Cited by 59 publications

References 16 publications

Fine Structure of Listeria monocytogenes in Relation to Protoplast Formation

Fine Structure of Listeria monocytogenes in Relation to Protoplast Formation

Morphogenesis of Escherichia coli

Ultrastructure of Escherichia coli Cells Infected with Bacteriophage R17

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