Binding of Progesterone to
            <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>
            and Other Gram-Negative Bacteria

Miller, Richard D.; Morse, Stephen

doi:10.1128/iai.16.1.115-123.1977

Cited by 17 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Results from our laboratory have shown that the presence of lipophilic groups on steroid molecules increases their ability to inhibit gonococcal 02 uptake (11). These, as well as other observations (14), suggest that penetration of the outer membrane is of major importance for steroid inhibition of cytoplasmic membrane functions. Our results on resistance to steroid inhibition support the hypothesis that decreased envelope permeability may be a consequence of mtr acquisition (6,7).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

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Neisseria gonorrhoeae cell envelope: permeability to hydrophobic molecules

Lysko¹,

Morse²

1981

J Bacteriol

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Isogenic variants of antibiotic-resistant and -sensitive Neisseria gonorrhoeae were examined for differences in the inhibition of oxygen uptake by steroid hormones. Mutants designated as env, which possessed cell envelope mutations allowing phenotypic suppression of low-level antibiotic resistance, were more sensitive to steroid hormone inhibition of oxygen uptake than the wild-type parental strains. Possession of an mtr locus, which confers nonspecific resistance to multiple antibiotics, dyes, and detergents, was also associated with an increase in resistance to steroid hormone inhibition of oxygen uptake. The penA2 locus, which confers an eightfold increase in resistance to penicillin, was not responsible for the increased resistance to steroid hormones. Phospholipids in the outer membrane of intact env-2 cells were susceptible to digestion by phospholipase C, indicating exposure of phospholipid head groups on the outer surface. Cells of a wild-type and mtr-2 strain were not susceptible to phospholipase C digestion unless they were pretreated with mixed exoglycosidases. This pretreatment also increased the sensitivity of mtr-2 cells to progesterone inhibition of 02 uptake. These data suggest that the permeability of the gonococcus to hydrophobic antibiotic and steroid molecules is mediated by the degree of phospholipid exposure on the outer membrane.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…We have previously described the effects of steroid hormones on several strains of N. gonorrhoeae, which, unlike other gram-negative bacteria, were inhibited by steroids (11,14,16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neisseria gonorrhoeae cell envelope: permeability to hydrophobic molecules

Lysko¹,

Morse²

1981

J Bacteriol

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“…N. gonorrhoeae strains CS-7 (colonial type 4) and JW-31 (colonial type 4), Salmonella typhimurium strains DB-21 and TA1535, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PS-7 were used in this study. The description and maintenance of these organisms have been previously described (8,9,11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preparation of cell membranes. Cell envelopes were isolated by sonic disruption of whole cells as previously described (8). Outerand inner (cytoplasmic)-membrane fractions were prepared by the method of Wolf-Watz et al (21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Binding of cholesterol by Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Miller¹,

Warren²,

Sizemore³

et al. 1978

Infect Immun

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The binding of [1,2-3H]cholesterol to Neisseria gonorrhoeae CS-7, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhimurium (smooth and rough strains) was investigated. The kinetics of cholesterol binding to N. gonorrhoeae CS-7 demonstrated that binding occurred slowly with maximum binding by 10 h. Under optimum conditions, a large percentage (65%) of the added cholesterol was associated with the cells. Chemical fractionation revealed that ca. 98% of the labeled cholesterol was associated with the cell membraness. The bound cholesterol was not esterified and was associated primarily with the cytoplasmic membrane. Intact gonococci bound 4 to 30 times more cholesterol than the deep rough mutant S. typhimurium TA1535, the wild-type S. typhimurium DB-21, and P. aeruginosa. In contrast, isolated cell membranes from all organisms rapidly bound cholesterol to the same extent. Therefore, the outer membrane can function as a permeability barrier to cholesterol. Cholesterol binding to both whole cells and isolated cell membranes was influenced by the incubation temperature. The rate of cholesterol binding by whole cells of N. gonorrhoeae decreased markedly at lower temperatures, with almost complete cessation of binding at 0°C. A similar temperature effect on the binding of cholesterol to isolated membranes was not observed. Thus, the effect of temperature on the binding of cholesterol to whole cells was an effect not on the actual binding process but rather on the ability of the cholesterol molecule to penetrate the lipid domain of the gonococcal outer membrane.

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Virulence determinants involved in differential host niche adaptation of Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Schielke

Frosch

Kurzai

2010

Med Microbiol Immunol

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Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are the only pathogenic species of the genus Neisseria. Although these two species are closely related, they specialized on survival in completely different environments within the human host-the nasopharynx in the case of N. meningitidis versus the urogenital tract in the case of N. gonorrhoeae. The genetic background of these differences has not yet been determined. Here, we present a comparison of all characterized transcriptional regulators in these species, delineating analogous functions and disclosing differential functional developments of these DNA-binding proteins with a special focus on the recently characterized regulator FarR and its contribution to divergent host niche adaptation in the two Neisseria spp. Furthermore, we summarize the present knowledge on two-partner secretion systems in meningococci, highlighting their overall expression among meningococcal strains in contrast to the complete absence in gonococci. Concluding, the decisive role of these two entirely different factors in host niche adaptation of the two human pathogenic Neisseria species is depicted, illuminating another piece of the puzzle to locate the molecular basis of their differences in preferred colonization sites and pathogenicity.

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Binding of Progesterone to Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Other Gram-Negative Bacteria

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Neisseria gonorrhoeae cell envelope: permeability to hydrophobic molecules

Neisseria gonorrhoeae cell envelope: permeability to hydrophobic molecules

Binding of cholesterol by Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Virulence determinants involved in differential host niche adaptation of Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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