Bimodal Imaging at ICON Using Neutrons and X-rays

Kaestner, Anders; Hovind, Jan; Boillat, Pierre; Muehlebach, C.; Carminati, Chiara; Zarebanadkouki, Mohsen; Lehmann, Eberhard

doi:10.1016/j.phpro.2017.06.043

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It is of clear interest to be able to quantify the similarity between two images. Equation (15) in [18] presents a way in which this can be quantified by a scalar L (referred to as likelihood) defined (when correlation is ignored) by "assumes a convenient form" in that it turns the product into a simple sum…”

Section: Joint Histogrammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors believe that the combination of x-ray and neutron tomography provides an extremely valuable tool for the study of numerous meso-scale 3 mechanisms in concrete. In fact, in recent years, a number of neutron centres offer coupled x-ray and neutron tomography [14,15,16,17], providing complementary fields of attenuation. A better description of the phases of concrete can thus be obtained by combining both fields on the condition that they are spatially commensurable (i.e., with a common coordinate system).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The colours of concrete as seen by X-rays and neutrons

Roubin

Andò

Roux

2019

Cement and Concrete Composites

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Both x-ray tomography and neutron tomography give very detailed insight in the microstructure of concrete. However, their different contrasts, due to different compositional sensitivities, make one modality more relevant for some features. The present study shows that both types of images acquired on the same specimen may be registered onto each other, after the statistical joint distribution of absorption coefficients has been learned. A Gaussian mixture model has been used to identify up to five different phases having different signatures. A staggered algorithm consisting in i) adjusting the joint histogram to fit phases and their variances and ii) registering the two 3D images onto each other, within a multi-scale algorithm is presented in details. The analysed experimental data illustrates the benefit of using jointly both modalities as compared to their parallel usage.

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Section: Joint Histogrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The colours of concrete as seen by X-rays and neutrons

Roubin

Andò

Roux

2019

Cement and Concrete Composites

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“…Bimodal datasets require registration to align the data from each modality. Although some cases have successfully used mutual information in the sample to achieve registration (Kim et al, 2014), in general it has been shown that, due to the complementary nature of the modalities, there is no guarantee that there will be similar local features in corresponding datasets (particularly with multiphase images) and it is therefore difficult to find a good registration solution based on common features within a sample (Kaestner et al, 2017). To overcome this difficulty, fiducial markers can be attached to a sample to aid in registration.…”

Section: Registrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neutron imaging offers a solution as many of the imaging techniques are similar but the mechanisms by which neutrons interact with matter are very different and hence different elements, in particular light elements such as hydrogen, provide strong contrast in a neutron image (Kaestner et al, 2017). A number of experiments have shown neutron imaging to be well suited to showing water dynamics, where X-ray imaging would have struggled (Menon et al, 2007;Matsushima et al, 2009;Moradi et al, 2011;Warren et al, 2013;Zarebanadkouki et al, 2013;Totzke et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlative X‐ray and neutron tomography of root systems using cadmium fiducial markers

Clark

Burca

Boardman

et al. 2019

Journal of Microscopy

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Summary The interactions between plant roots and soil are an area of active research, particularly in terms of water and nutrient uptake. Because noninvasive, in vivo studies are required, tomographic imaging appears an obvious method to use, but no one imaging modality is well suited to capture the complete system. X‐ray imaging gives clear insight to soil structure and composition; however, water is comparatively transparent to X‐rays and biological matter also displays poor contrast with respect to the pores between soil particles. Neutron imaging presents a complementary view where water and biological matter are better distinguished but the soil minerals are not imaged as clearly as they would be with X‐rays. This work aims to develop robust methods for complementary X‐ray/neutron tomographic imaging of plant root samples which should lead to new insight into water and nutrient transport in soil. The key challenges of this project are to develop experiments that will meet the requirements of both imaging modalities as well as the biological requirements of the plant samples and to develop ways to register a pair of reconstructed volume images of a sample that will typically have been produced with entirely separate facilities. The use of cadmium fiducial markers for registration has been investigated. Simulations were conducted to investigate the expected registration accuracy as the quantity and distribution of the markers varied. The findings of these simulations were then tested experimentally as plant samples were grown and imaged using neutrons with the IMAT instrument at ISIS Neutron and Muon Source at the STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Harwell, and with X‐rays at µ‐VIS X‐ray Imaging Centre at the University of Southampton. Lay Description The interactions between plant roots and soil are an area of active research, particularly in terms of water and nutrient uptake. The samples used in this research are typically imaged so that they can be studied without digging up the roots and destroying the sample in the process. X‐ray and neutron imaging techniques have both been used as each can show different materials within the sample. Because neither can show all the components of the system by itself, this work explores methods for combining scans of the same sample to give a more complete image of the system. In particular this work focusses on the use of fiducial markers as a strategy for preparing the samples in such a way that the resulting images can be aligned. The effectiveness of this method was tested in simulation and then in practice. The samples used within this work were imaged using neutrons on the IMAT instrument at ISIS Neutron and Muon Source at the STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Harwell, and with X‐rays at µ‐VIS X‐ray Imaging Centre at the University of Southampton.

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“…The design wavelength of the setup is set at 4.1 Å, which was selected using the velocity selector available at the ICON imaging instrument of the Paul Scherrer Institute 16 . While the grating interferometer setup has a design wavelength, we will use a change in wavelength to scan the autocorrelation length of the setup and thus extract the projected density correlation function in each voxel of the tomogram.…”

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confidence: 99%

3D sub-pixel correlation length imaging

Harti

Ströbl

Valsecchi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Quantitative 2D neutron dark-field-imaging with neutron grating interferometry has been used to characterize structures in the size range below the imaging resolution. We present the first 3D quantitative neutron dark-field imaging experiment. We characterize sub-pixel structure sizes below the imaging resolution in tomography by quantitatively analyzing the change in dark-field contrast with varying neutron wavelength. This proof of principle experiment uses a dedicated reference sample with four different solutions of microspheres, each with a different diameter. The result is a 3D tomogram featuring a real space scattering function in each voxel. The presented experiment is expected to mark the path for future material science research through the individual quantification of small-angle scattering structures in each voxel of a volume of a bulk inhomogeneous sample material.

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Bimodal Imaging at ICON Using Neutrons and X-rays

Cited by 42 publications

References 7 publications

The colours of concrete as seen by X-rays and neutrons

The colours of concrete as seen by X-rays and neutrons

Correlative X‐ray and neutron tomography of root systems using cadmium fiducial markers

3D sub-pixel correlation length imaging

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