Bilinear signal processing using acoustic surface waves

Feldmann, M.; Hénaff, J.

doi:10.1063/1.1655090

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The calculus for the electromechanical coupling factor k 2 e f f is defined for resonant applications of piezoelectric materials and depends on the oscillation mode of the device, material properties, and specific device geometry. k 2 e f f is a measure of the exchange of power transduced between the mechanical and electrical fields, and for the most common devices, it has an expression of the form [38,46]…”

Section: Change Response Of the Physicalsystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress–Charge Nonlinear Physical Description and Tensor Symmetries for Piezoelectric Materials

et al. 2023

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Nonlinear piezoelectric materials are raised as a great replacement for devices that require low power consumption, high sensitivity, and accurate transduction, fitting with the demanding requirements of new technologies such as the Fifth-Generation of telecommunications (5G), the Internet of Things (IoT), and modern radio frequency (RF) applications. In this work, the state equations that correctly predict the nonlinear piezoelectric phenomena observed experimentally are presented. Furthermore, we developed a fast methodology to implement the state equations in the main FEM simulation software, allowing an easy design and characterization of this type of device, as the symmetry structures for high-order tensors are shown and explained. The operation regime of each high-order tensor is discussed and connected with the main nonlinear phenomena reported in the literature. Finally, to demonstrate our theoretical deductions, we used the experimental measurements, which presented the nonlinear effects, which were reproduced through simulations, obtaining maximum percent errors for the effective elasticity constants, relative effective permittivity, and resonance frequencies of 0.79%, 2.9%, and 0.3%, respectively, giving a proof of the potential of the nonlinear state equations presented for the unifying of all nonlinear phenomena observed in the piezoelectric devices.

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Section: Change Response Of the Physicalsystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress–Charge Nonlinear Physical Description and Tensor Symmetries for Piezoelectric Materials

et al. 2023

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“…The electromechanical coupling factor k eff 2 is a measurement of the power interchange between the stress field and displacement electrical field, the way to calculate it depends on the specific device geometry, but for the most commonly piezoelectric resonators are given by an expression of the form [38,39] for a wave in X-propagation, Z-shear oscillation mode. The most important variation in equation ( 13) is due to the effective elasticity constants [22], hence, when a shift of the resonance frequency occurs the electromechanical coupling factor increases meanwhile the effective elasticity constants decreases so, for applications where the effectiveness of the power transduction is the goal (e.g.…”

Section: Main Piezoelectric Nonlinear Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

State equations and tensors symmetry of non-linear piezoelectric materials

Jaramillo-Alvarado¹,

Torres‐Jácome²,

Wade³

et al. 2022

Eng. Res. Express

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The linear behavior of piezoelectric materials is well known from a century ago, but also, the non-linear behavior for these material have found a novel way of applications. Currently, the new technologies as the fifth generation of telecommunications (5G) and Internet of Things (IoT) are demanding high requirements for the performance of the devices operating under these technologies e.g. high quality factor, high thermal efficiency and device fabrication compatibility with the standard fabrication processes for integrated circuits as CMOS, FD-SOI and FinFET. In this work, the non-linear state equations for piezoelectric effect in stress- charge formulation, the transformations laws and the high order tensors structures are presented, in order to allow an easy way to implement it on FEM simulation software. The non-linear behavior of piezoelectric materials is discussed, and taking into account the analysis done in this work, three ways to implement nonlinear effects to design tunable piezoelectric devices for 5G and IoT applications are presented.

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“…A general introduction to SAW devices can be found in [1,2,13,14,15]. Sensing with SAW devices is, for example, described in [1,16,17], resonators in [18,19,20], delay lines in [21,22,23], SAW based radio frequency identification tags (RFID-tags) in [2,24,25,26,27], and reader units in [28,29].…”

Section: Introduction To Saw Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Readout of Multiple SAW Temperature Sensors

Bruckner

Bardong

2019

Sensors

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It has since long been known that surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices, resonators as well as delay lines, can be used as passive wireless sensors for physical quantities, like temperature and pressure, as well as gas sensors or identification-tags (ID-tags). The sensors are robust, work passively without a battery, can be applied at high temperatures, and provide a high resolution. Nevertheless, if the devices are used wirelessly in an industrial environment, several constraints have to be taken into account, especially when more than one quantity or device needs to be measured at the same time. The paper addresses the challenges that must be tackled when establishing multi-sensor-wireless-readout for industrial applications. Major issues here are the legal regulations for industrial, scientific and medical frequency bands (ISM-bands), as well as sampling time and costs, which impose severe restrictions to any system design. We describe several design approaches and their constraints. We successfully designed sensors based on reflective delay lines that allow the parallel readout of four independent temperature sensors in the 2.45 GHz ISM-band. These devices were fabricated and positively tested, demonstrating the applicability of SAW sensors for industrial applications.

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Bilinear signal processing using acoustic surface waves

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Stress–Charge Nonlinear Physical Description and Tensor Symmetries for Piezoelectric Materials

Stress–Charge Nonlinear Physical Description and Tensor Symmetries for Piezoelectric Materials

State equations and tensors symmetry of non-linear piezoelectric materials

Wireless Readout of Multiple SAW Temperature Sensors

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