Biliary tract surgery in the dog: a review

Abstract

The indications for surgery on the biliary system in the dog are discussed with reference to the anatomy, specific disease syndromes and associated clinical signs. Surgical procedures are described for the treatment of biliary tract obstruction or rupture, and applicable cases reported in the literature are reviewed. The pathogenesis of bile peritonitis is also briefly discussed.

Surgical Treatment of Bile Peritonitis in 24 Dogs and 2 Cats: A Retrospective Study (1987–1994)

“…The most common bacterial isolate was Escherichia coli (7). (6), jugular vein thrombosis (4), and diarrhea (2) were reported as complications.…”

Choledochotomy and primary repair of extrahepatic biliary duct rupture in seven dogs and two cats

“…A variety of suture types, sizes and patterns have been described for closure of choledochotomy and primary repair of extrahepatic biliary duct rupture. In the past, the use of chromic surgical gut or non‐absorbable suture, such as silk or polypropylene, had been recommended (Binns 1964, Bieritz and Brasmer 1966, Bellenger 1973, Berzon 1981, Thompson 1981, Cosenza 1984), as well as multiple layer closure with Connell or Lembert suture patterns (Binns 1964, Naus and Jones 1978). However, most surgeons currently advocate utilisation of small (4‐0 to 6‐0) monofilament absorbable suture in a simple interrupted or simple continuous pattern, depending on the size of the bile duct (Bjorling 1991, Martin and others 2003, Fossum 2007).…”

“…Choledochotomy has been reported to facilitate excision of parasites (Verine and others 1969, Lewis and others 1991), although medical treatment of hepatobiliary fluke infection is usually successful and surgical intervention unnecessary (Center 2009). Complications occur frequently and include stricture, adhesion formation, and incisional leakage and subsequent bile peritonitis, although specific risk factors for these sequelae have not been proven (Thompson 1981, Matthiesen 1989, Breznock 1998, Martin and others 2003). Theorised risk factors include increased tension on the repair, tissue friability and the presence of infection (Matthiesen 1989, Martin and others 2003, Fossum 2007).…”

Traumatische Ruptur des Ductus choledochus bei einem Hund

“…Stumpfe Traumata werden hingegen häufig zuerst konservativ versorgt (Martin, 1993). Rupturen im Bereich des extrahepatischen biliären Systems treten selten und dann oft isoliert von Verletzungen anderer Organe auf (Thompson, 1981). Abbildung 4 zeigt die drei häufigsten Rupturstellen, wobei der Abriss des Ductus choledochus eine Prädilektionsstelle nach stumpfem Trauma darstellt (Parchman und Flanders, 1990).…”