Bile salt regulation of fatty acid absorption and esterification in rat everted jejunal sacs in vitro and into thoracic duct lymph in vivo

Effect of micellar lipids on rabbit intestinal brush-border membrane phospholipid bilayer integrity studied by31P NMR

“…Brush-border membranes from rabbit duodenum and jejunum cells (the upper part of the small intestine), absorb dietary short-, and medium-and long-chain fatty acids from micellar solutions [2,5,32]. However, biliary salts are further extensively absorbed in the distal part of the intestine (ileum) after disruption of the micellar solution [20,33].…”

Effects of dihydroxy bile acids and hydroxy fatty acids on the absorption of oleic acid in the human jejunum.

“…The present studies provide a possible explanation for the frequently observed steatorrhea in the blind loop syndrome beyond the concept that deconjugation and dehydroxylation ofbile acids by bacteria result in a reduction of the intraluminal bile salt concentration below the critical micellar concentration (1)(2)(3). Further, since dihydroxy bile acids and fatty acids interfere with the absorption of other solutes as well, our results also explain the frequently observed malabsorption of other nutrients in this condition.…”

“…Generally it is thought that the deconjugation and dehydroxylation of bile salts by bacteria lead to a reduction of the effective intraluminal bile salt concentration below the critical micellar concentration resulting in an intraluminal defect of fat absorption (1)(2)(3). This concept is based on observations that jejunal bile salt concentrations were low in patients with the blind loop syndrome (4), that feeding of taurocholate (TC)1 improved fat absorption in one patient (4) and in experimental animals (5), and that unconjugated deoxycholate (DC) did not specifically inhibit fatty acid absorption in vivo (1,2). However, analysis of postprandial jejunal contents of patients with bacterial overgrowth has shown adequate micellar solubilization of fatty acids (6).…”

Anatomy and Physiology of the Oral Mucosa

“…The unconjugated bile acids are known to block amino acid metabolism and glucose transport [21]. There is also a possibility of biotransformation of these enhancers to toxic or carcinogenic substances by hepatic monooxygenases.…”