Bile-Esculin Test for Presumptive Identification of Enterococci and Streptococci: Effects of Bile Concentration, Inoculation Technique, and Incubation Time

Chuard, Christian; Reller, L. Barth

doi:10.1128/jcm.36.4.1135-1136.1998

Cited by 35 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, the easy use of this key avoids the difficult consultation of several taxonomic reviews of Enterococcus that do not always lead to unanimous species identification. Some of the tests could be performed with commercial kits (for instance, API 20 Strep or API 50CH), which are widely used (7,9,28,34,50). It has been observed by other authors that certain tests do not present comparable results when performed according to classical standard methods (28,34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Enterococcus spp. with a Biochemical Key

Manero

Blanch

1999

Appl Environ Microbiol

249

122

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A six-step biochemical key is presented for the identification of all recognized Enterococcus spp. The key consists of 12 tests, but no more than 6 are needed for the most complicated identification. The reliability of the key has been evaluated with collection type strains and clinical and environmental isolates. This key has fewer tests than those reported in previous studies. There is no commercial kit that includes the whole set of tests. However, some of the tests are included in enzyme activity-based kits that could be used with the proposed key. The key is designed for use in routine applications, especially in environmental and clinical studies with a high number of isolates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Enterococcus spp. with a Biochemical Key

Manero

Blanch

1999

Appl Environ Microbiol

249

122

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“…In a study directed by C Chuard and L B Reller,[ 26 ] it was observed that the bile esculin test functions admirably to quickly isolate Enterococci and group D Streptococci from non-group D viridans Streptococci, requiring little to no effort and with great sensitivity (99%) and specificity (97%), if it is performed on agar slants containing 40% bile, done with an standardized inoculum (10 ml of a 0.5 McFarland standard bacterial suspension), and read at 24 hours. Therefore, in the present study, bile esculin agar medium was utilized to culture E. faecalis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An In Vitro Comparison of the Effect of Wound Irrigating Solution (0.01% Hypochlorous Acid) and 2.5% Sodium Hypochlorite Against Enterococcus Faecalis

Anwar

Sivalingam

Vijayakumar

et al. 2022

Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences

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Aim: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial activity of normal saline, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, and 0.01% hypochlorous acid against Enterococcus faecalis . Materials and Methods: Antimicrobial activity was assayed by Kirby–Bauer cup-well agar diffusion method. Three cup-wells were bored in each petriplate and were filled with 50 μl of each of the respective test agents. Culture plates were placed in an incubator at 37°C and after 24 hours, the size of the magnification inhibition zone was quantified with a caliper and recorded in respective tables. The experiment was reiterated ten times for each reagent, and the diameter of the magnification inhibition zones caused by the irrigation solutions was recorded. The antimicrobial activity of the three test solutions was determined. Results: The antibacterial property of the three groups was compared by utilizing ANOVA test. The association was found to be statistically significant ( P = 0.000). The antibacterial property between 2.5% NaOCl and 0.01% HOCl was further compared with independent t test. This association was however not statistically significant ( P = 0.02).

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“…However, in our institution biliary origin is the second commonest cause of SBG bacteraemia after endocarditis. This could be explained because SBG is able to grow in bile , in contrast to most of the α‐haemolytic streptococci.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus bovis group and biliary tract infections: an analysis of 51 cases

Corredoira

Alonso²,

Garcı́a-Garrote³

et al. 2014

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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Streptococcus bovis is a well-known cause of endocarditis, but its role in other infections has not been well described. We analysed prospectively all patients with biliary tract infections caused by S. bovis group during the period 1988-2011. We selected those cases associated with cholangitis and cholecystitis, defined according to Tokyo guidelines. Identification of the strains was performed using the API 20 Strep and the GP card of the Vitek 2 system, and was confirmed by molecular methods. Our series included 51 cases (30 cholangitis and 21 cholecystitis). The associated microorganisms were: Streptococcus infantarius (biotype II/1) 29 cases (57%), Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus (biotype II/2) 20 cases (39%) and Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus (biotype I) two cases (4%). The only difference found between S. infantarius and S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus was a greater association of the first with malignant strictures of the bile ducts: 48% (14/29) versus 5% (1/20), p <0.001. Thirty-seven of the cases also had bacteraemia, causing 20% (37/185) of all S. bovis bacteraemia, with differences between S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus (2/112; 2%) and the other two microorganisms: S. infantarius and S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus (35/73; 48%; p <0.001). The vast majority of biliary tract infections due to S. bovis group are caused by S. infantarius and S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus (S. bovis biotype II), and nearly half of the bacteraemia due to these two species has a biliary source (43% of the S. infantarius and 56% of S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus).

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Bile-Esculin Test for Presumptive Identification of Enterococci and Streptococci: Effects of Bile Concentration, Inoculation Technique, and Incubation Time

Cited by 35 publications

References 18 publications

Identification of Enterococcus spp. with a Biochemical Key

Identification of Enterococcus spp. with a Biochemical Key

An In Vitro Comparison of the Effect of Wound Irrigating Solution (0.01% Hypochlorous Acid) and 2.5% Sodium Hypochlorite Against Enterococcus Faecalis

Streptococcus bovis group and biliary tract infections: an analysis of 51 cases

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