Bile affects production of virulence factors and motility of Vibrio cholerae

Gupta, S; Chowdhury, Rukhsana

doi:10.1128/iai.65.3.1131-1134.1997

Cited by 155 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These results corroborate regulation observed on 2-D gels and DNA microarrays, and demonstrate that salmonellae are less motile (but not amotile) in bile. Bile has also been demonstrated to regulate motility in V. cholerae, but bile appears to increase motility of this organism [4]. Since S. enterica serovar Typhimurium flagellar mutants are competent for epithelial cell invasion and flhD mutants are still fully virulent in mice [49], bile-mediated repression of motility may be energetically favorable upon entrance into the intestines of a host.…”

Section: Salmonellae Show Reduced Expression Of Flagellar Biosynthesimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bile has been demonstrated in both bacteria and parasites to regulate genes for bile resistance, as well as genes within pathways important for virulence [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) is a protein found in most gastrointestinal commensals, but not enteropathogens, allowing for continued survival within the host [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shigella flexneri grown in the presence of bile exhibits increased protein secretion and enhanced invasion of epithelial cells [5]. In Vibrio cholerae, bile enhances motility, while simultaneously repressing expression of other virulence factors, such as toxin co-regulated pilus and cholera toxin [4]. While regulation of motility by bile is not understood, it is thought that regulation of the V. cholerae virulence factors by bile occurs through modulation of the ToxT protein, the major virulence regulator [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptional regulation ofSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium genes by bile

Prouty

Brodsky

Manos

et al. 2004

FEMS Immunology &Amp; Medical Microbiology

105

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DNA microarrays and two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis were utilized to analyze the global effect of bile on transcription and protein synthesis in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Two bile-regulated proteins, YciF and PagC, were identified by 2-D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry fingerprinting. The operon yciGFE-katN demonstrated increased transcriptional activity in the presence of bile. While this operon has previously been shown to be RpoS-regulated, data from this study suggested that yciGFE-katN is regulated by bile independent of RpoS. The PhoP-PhoQ-regulated PagC is decreased in the presence of bile. Characterization of the untranslated leader of pagC demonstrated that a 97-bp region is necessary for the bile-mediated repression of this promoter. Analysis of data from the DNA microarray revealed an effect of bile on important global mechanistic pathways in S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. Genes involved in type III secretion-mediated invasion of epithelial cells demonstrated an overall repression of transcription in the presence of bile, corroborating previously reported data from this laboratory [Infect. Immun. 68 (2000) 6763]. In addition, bile-mediated transcriptional repression of genes involved in flagellar biosynthesis and motility was observed. These data further demonstrate that bile is an important environmental signal sensed by Salmonella spp. and that bile plays a role in regulating bacterial gene expression in multiple virulence-associated pathways.

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Section: Salmonellae Show Reduced Expression Of Flagellar Biosynthesimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptional regulation ofSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium genes by bile

Prouty

Brodsky

Manos

et al. 2004

FEMS Immunology &Amp; Medical Microbiology

105

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“…Vibrio cholerae growth and survival is optimal in the range of salinities present in estuarine environments (Singleton et al, 1982a;Louis et al, 2003), although V. cholerae is also capable of growth in both fresh and seawater salinities (Singleton et al, 1982b;Alsina and Blanch, 1994;Vital et al, 2007). During infection, V. cholerae must adapt to a range of salinities or osmolarities as it passes through the human digestive tract and is released back into the environment (Barua and Burrows, 1974;Gupta and Chowdhury, 1997). Indeed, osmolarity is one factor hypothesized to induce virulence factor production during V. cholerae infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transcriptional regulator, CosR, controls compatible solute biosynthesis and transport, motility and biofilm formation in Vibrio cholerae

Shikuma

Davis

Fong

et al. 2012

Environmental Microbiology

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Summary Vibrio cholerae inhabits aquatic environments and colonizes the human digestive tract to cause the disease cholera. In these environments, V. cholerae copes with fluctuations in salinity and osmolarity by producing and transporting small, organic, highly soluble molecules called compatible solutes, which counteract extracellular osmotic pressure. Currently, it is unclear how V. cholerae regulates the expression of genes important for the biosynthesis or transport of compatible solutes in response to changing salinity or osmolarity conditions. Through a genome‐wide transcriptional analysis of the salinity response of V. cholerae, we identified a transcriptional regulator we name CosR for compatible solute regulator. The expression of cosR is regulated by ionic strength and not osmolarity. A transcriptome analysis of a ΔcosR mutant revealed that CosR represses genes involved in ectoine biosynthesis and compatible solute transport in a salinity‐dependent manner. When grown in salinities similar to estuarine environments, CosR activates biofilm formation and represses motility independently of its function as an ectoine regulator. This is the first study to characterize a compatible solute regulator in V. cholerae and couples the regulation of osmotic tolerance with biofilm formation and motility.

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“…In many instances, in vitro growth conditions constitute signals that may typify or mimic certain biologic niches. These include temperature, pH, oxygen, carbon dioxide, iron, amino acids, sugars, nitrogen and carbon sources, bile, blood or serum factors, phase growth and divalent cations (Isaacson, 1980;Taylor et al, 1987;Mekalanos, 1992;Olson, 1993;Haigh et al, 1995;Nishikawa et al, 1995;Puente et al, 1996;Gupta and Chowdhury, 1997;Skorupski and Taylor, 1997b;Schuhmacher and Klose, 1999). The first investigation of the environmental cues that trigger production of Longus was presented at the 98th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology (Ruiz-Tagle and Gir on, 1998) and is the base for the present study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expression of Longus type 4 pilus of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is regulated by LngR and LngS and by H‐NS, CpxR and CRP global regulators

Cruz

Ruiz-Tagle

Ares

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli produces a long type 4 pilus called Longus. The regulatory elements and the environmental signals controlling the expression of Longus-encoding genes are unknown. We identified two genes lngR and lngS in the Longus operon, whose predicted products share homology with transcriptional regulators. Isogenic lngR and lngS mutants were considerably affected in transcription of lngA pilin gene. The expression of lngA, lngR and lngS genes was optimally expressed at 37°C at pH 7.5. The presence of glucose and sodium chloride had a positive effect on Longus expression. The presence of divalent ions, particularly calcium, appears to be an important stimulus for Longus production. In addition, we studied H-NS, CpxR and CRP global regulators, on Longus expression. The response regulator CpxR appears to function as a positive regulator of lng genes as the cpxR mutant showed reduced levels of lngRSA expression. In contrast, H-NS and CRP function as negative regulators since expression of lngA was up-regulated in isogenic hns and crp mutants. H-NS and CRP were required for salt- and glucose-mediated regulation of Longus. Our data suggest the existence of a complex regulatory network controlling Longus expression, involving both local and global regulators in response to different environmental signals.

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Bile affects production of virulence factors and motility of Vibrio cholerae

Cited by 155 publications

References 23 publications

Transcriptional regulation ofSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium genes by bile

Transcriptional regulation ofSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium genes by bile

The transcriptional regulator, CosR, controls compatible solute biosynthesis and transport, motility and biofilm formation in Vibrio cholerae

The expression of Longus type 4 pilus of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is regulated by LngR and LngS and by H‐NS, CpxR and CRP global regulators

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