Bile Acids: Key Regulators and Novel Treatment Targets for Type 2 Diabetes

Wu, Yingjie; Zhou, An; Tang, Li; Lei, Yuanyuan; Tang, Bo; Zhang, Linjing

doi:10.1155/2020/6138438

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 99 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hence, measuring metabolite biomarkers in blood has become a new strategy to stratify patients with T2DM complications (7). Interestingly, BAs play certain roles in glucose homeostasis, energy expenditure, and weight control, through receptor-dependent and -independent mechanisms, thereby regulating and maintaining the metabolism of lipids, glucose, and other energy sources, as well as protecting the heart from inflammation, and preventing T2DM and obesity (8)(9)(10). When BA metabolism is altered, imbalanced in lipids, glucose, and energy metabolism may lead to inflammatory metabolic diseases, including T2DM, non-alcoholic fatty liver, and CVDs (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Artery Disease in Menopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Negatively Correlate With Total Serum Bile Acids

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAs metabolic molecules, bile acids (BAs) not only promote the absorption of fat-soluble nutrients, but they also regulate many metabolic processes, including the homeostasis of glucose and lipids. Although total serum BA (TBA) measurement is a readily available clinical test related to coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the relationship between TBA and these pathological conditions remain unclear, and research on this topic is inconclusive.MethodsThis study enrolled 20,255 menopausal women aged over 50 years, including 6,421 T2DM patients. The study population was divided into different groups according to the median TBA level in order to explore the clinical characteristics of menopausal women with different TBA levels. Spline analyses, generalized additive model (GAM) model and regression analyses based on TBA level were used to explore the relationship between TBA and different diseases independently, including CAD and MI, or in combination with T2DM.ResultsBoth in the general population and in the T2DM subgroup, the TBA level was significantly lower in CAD patients than in non-CAD patients. Spline analyses indicated that within normal clinical range of TBA concentration (0–10 µmol/L), the presence of CAD and MI showed similar trends in total and T2DM population. Similarly, the GAM model indicated that within the 0–10 μmol/L clinical range, the predicted probability for CAD and MI alone and in combination with T2DM was negatively correlated with TBA concentration. Multivariate regression analysis suggested that low TBA level was positively associated with the occurrence of CAD combined with T2DM (OR: 1.451; 95%CI: 1.141–1.847).ConclusionsIn menopausal women, TBA may represent a valuable clinical serum marker with negative correlation for CAD and MI in patients with T2DM.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Artery Disease in Menopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Negatively Correlate With Total Serum Bile Acids

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, BAs work in the body as hormones, being signaling molecules for the expression of genes and regulators of different metabolic paths. The physiological roles of BAs briefly summarized here and comprehensively overviewed by other specialist reports [210][211][212][213][214], opened the field for an extensive investigation of BAs and BADs use in biomedical applications including antimicrobics, anti-cholesterol drugs, regulator of dietary lipid uptake and drug carriers in co-formulations with other molecules (e.g., lipids and polymers). The application possibilities broaden even more when adopting BADs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Physiology and Physical Chemistry of Bile Acids

Gregorio

Cautela

Galantini

2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bile acids (BAs) are facial amphiphiles synthesized in the body of all vertebrates. They undergo the enterohepatic circulation: they are produced in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, released in the intestine, taken into the bloodstream and lastly re-absorbed in the liver. During this pathway, BAs are modified in their molecular structure by the action of enzymes and bacteria. Such transformations allow them to acquire the chemical–physical properties needed for fulling several activities including metabolic regulation, antimicrobial functions and solubilization of lipids in digestion. The versatility of BAs in the physiological functions has inspired their use in many bio-applications, making them important tools for active molecule delivery, metabolic disease treatments and emulsification processes in food and drug industries. Moreover, moving over the borders of the biological field, BAs have been largely investigated as building blocks for the construction of supramolecular aggregates having peculiar structural, mechanical, chemical and optical properties. The review starts with a biological analysis of the BAs functions before progressively switching to a general overview of BAs in pharmacology and medicine applications. Lastly the focus moves to the BAs use in material science.

show abstract

“…It has been well demonstrated that metabolic changes of bile acid may induce glycolipidemia via FXR and TGR5 pathways [5,6]. Alternatively, long-lasting hyperglycemia will influence liver function and secretion of bile acids [7]. erefore, modulating metabolism of bile acids is believed to be a potential target on preventing DM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total flavonoids of Astragalus Ameliorated Bile Acid Metabolism Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus

Wang

Hong

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Astragalus Radix is one of the common traditional Chinese medicines used to treat diabetes. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Flavones are a class of active components that have been reported to exert various activities. Existing evidence suggests that flavones from Astragalus Radix may be pivotal in modulating progression of diabetes. In this study, total flavones from Astragalus Radix (TFA) were studied to observe its effects on metabolism of bile acids both in vivo and in vitro. C57BL/6J mice were treated with STZ and high-fat feeding to construct diabetic model, and HepG2 cell line was applied to investigate the influence of TFA on liver cells. We found a serious disturbance of bile acids and lipid metabolism in diabetic mice, and oral administration or cell incubation with TFA significantly reduced the production of total cholesterol (TCHO), total triglyceride, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (AST), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), while it increased the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C). The expression of glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) was significantly upregulated on TFA treatment, and FXR and TGR5 play pivotal role in modulating bile acid and lipid metabolism. This study supplied a novel understanding towards the mechanism of Astragalus Radix on controlling diabetes.

show abstract

Bile Acids: Key Regulators and Novel Treatment Targets for Type 2 Diabetes

Cited by 24 publications

References 99 publications

Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Artery Disease in Menopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Negatively Correlate With Total Serum Bile Acids

Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Artery Disease in Menopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Negatively Correlate With Total Serum Bile Acids

Physiology and Physical Chemistry of Bile Acids

Total flavonoids of Astragalus Ameliorated Bile Acid Metabolism Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About