Bile Acids in Hepato-Biliary Diseases

Greim, Helmut

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-7563-4_4

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…We studied the activity of 25-hydroxylase in vitro in the presence of taurocholate and taurochenodeoxycholate, at concentrations approximating the range of hepatic bile salt concentrations found in cholestasis (14)(15)(16)(17). As shown in Table 2, increasing bile salt concentrations from 0.1 mM to 1.0 mM progressively inhibited enzyme activity.…”

Section: Effect Of Bile Salts On Vitamin D 25-hydroxylasementioning

confidence: 99%

Iepatic vitamin D 25-hydroxylase: Inhibition by bile duct ligation or bile salts

et al. 1981

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Bone disease and low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are prevalent in cholestatic syndromes such as primary biliary cirrhosis and biliary atresia. Defective hydroxylation, along with malabsorption of vitamin D, could be a factor in 25-hydroxyvitamin D depletion. To assess hepatic hydroxylation during experimental cholestasis, we studied vitamin D 25-hydroxylase activity in liver homogenates of rats after 7, 14, and 21 days of bile duct ligation. We have also studied the effects of bile acids on this enzyme in vitro. Hepatic 25-hydroxylation was depressed after 7 days ligation in only 1 of 4 animals, but by 14 days, all animals showed a marked reduction with a mean decrease of 64% in specific activity. Total liver enzyme activity was reduced by 43% at 14 days. In the ligated animals, liver histology showed progressive bile stasis, focal necrosis, bile ductular proliferation, periductular and periportal inflammation, and fibrosis. Addition of bile acids to the in vitro assay in concentrations approximating those found in cholestasis produced marked inhibition of vitamin D 25-hydroxylase activity.

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Section: Effect Of Bile Salts On Vitamin D 25-hydroxylasementioning

confidence: 99%

Iepatic vitamin D 25-hydroxylase: Inhibition by bile duct ligation or bile salts

et al. 1981

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“…Recently, new biological properties of bile acids as signaling molecules and as regulators of their own synthesis have also been reported (3). Abnormal composition of the conjugated bile salts in bile may lead to various hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal diseases (4)(5)(6). Dietary fat malabsorption and gallstone formation are the common causes of abnormal bile composition in the bile (4,6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Single‐Step analysis of individual conjugated bile acids in human bile using ¹H NMR spectroscopy

Gowda

Ijare

Somashekar

et al. 2006

Lipids

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1H and 13C NMR spectra of intact human bile were assigned using one-dimensional (1H and 13C) and two-dimensional (1H-1H and 1H-13C) experiments. Individual conjugated bile acids--glycocholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, and taurochenodeoxycholic acid--were identified. The bile acids were quantified accurately and individually in a single step by using distinct and characteristic amide signals. Making use of 13C NMR, the study also suggests a way to analyze unconjugated bile acids separately, if present. Chemical shift assignments and rapid single-step analysis of individual conjugated bile acids from intact bile presented herein may have immense utility in the study of bile acid metabolism and deeper understanding of hepatobiliary diseases.

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“…The information concerning G/ T ratios of bile acids has been re stricted to those of biliary bile acid s in healthy infants (17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Generall y, liver diseases seem to affect glycine conjugation to a larger extent than conjugation of bile acid with taurine, although attempts to correlate the extent of the changes of G/T ratio with the different liver disease s have failed (22 ). In cholestasis , taurine conjugation increases bec ause required bile aci d sy nthes is and conjugation decrease (23) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Bile Acid Patterns Determined by an Enzymatic Method and High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography in Young Infants with Cholestasis

Tazawa,

Yamada,

Nakagawa

et al. 1984

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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SummarySerum unconjugated and conjugated bile acids in young infants with intrahepatic cholestasis (idiopathic neonatal hepatitis syndrome, n = 8) or extra‐hepatic cholestasis (preoperative extrahepatic biliary atresia, n = 8) were examined by an enzymatic procedure and high‐performance liquid chromatography. In comparison with the mean level of total serum bile acid of controls having no liver or gastrointestinal diseases, those of each group markedly increased (15.6 ± 5.1 vs. 120.9 ± 64.0 and 161.8 ± 54.2 nmollml), but those of unconjugated bile acid were almost unchanged (1.4 ± 0.5 vs. 1.0 ± 0.6 and 0.6 ± 0.2 nmol/ml). The ratios of cholate to chenodeoxycholate and glycine‐ to taurine‐conjugated bile acids (G/T) were not significantly different between the groups of intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis. However, in the patients with intrahepatic cholestasis, the G/T ratio varied greatly and the quantitative determination of individual conjugated bile acids in serum revealed that a half of the patients examined had very low levels of taurine‐conjugated cholate and chenodeoxycholate, suggesting a bile acid metabolism alternation specific for underlying intrahepatic cholestasis.

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Bile Acids in Hepato-Biliary Diseases

Cited by 10 publications

References 175 publications

Iepatic vitamin D 25-hydroxylase: Inhibition by bile duct ligation or bile salts

Iepatic vitamin D 25-hydroxylase: Inhibition by bile duct ligation or bile salts

Single‐Step analysis of individual conjugated bile acids in human bile using ¹H NMR spectroscopy

Serum Bile Acid Patterns Determined by an Enzymatic Method and High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography in Young Infants with Cholestasis

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Bile Acids in Hepato-Biliary Diseases

Cited by 10 publications

References 175 publications

Iepatic vitamin D 25-hydroxylase: Inhibition by bile duct ligation or bile salts

Iepatic vitamin D 25-hydroxylase: Inhibition by bile duct ligation or bile salts

Single‐Step analysis of individual conjugated bile acids in human bile using 1H NMR spectroscopy

Serum Bile Acid Patterns Determined by an Enzymatic Method and High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography in Young Infants with Cholestasis

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Single‐Step analysis of individual conjugated bile acids in human bile using ¹H NMR spectroscopy