Bilateral Vascular Occlusions of the Anterior Visual Pathway and Cocaine Abuse

Friedman, Scott M.; Margo, Curtis E.; Konicki, Mark; Campanelli, Michael; Jampol, Lee M.; Plous, O.Z.

doi:10.1097/icb.0b013e318199b0c6

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Cocaine can induce ischemic injury to multiple organ systems, including the eye, via local vasoconstriction, hypertension, vascular injury (eg, vessel-wall weakening and endothelial dysfunction), and induction of a prothrombotic state . Occlusion or infarction of the central retinal artery, cilioretinal artery, ophthalmic artery, and optic nerve have been reported. The patient presented herein demonstrated bilateral enlargement of the foveal avascular zone, most noticeably within the deep capillary plexus, that did not follow the distribution of a single vessel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Enlargement of the Foveal Avascular Zone on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Associated With Cocaine Use

Fortenbach

Modjtahedi

2020

JAMA Ophthalmol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Enlargement of the Foveal Avascular Zone on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Associated With Cocaine Use

Fortenbach

Modjtahedi

2020

JAMA Ophthalmol

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“…Arterial and/or venous occlusions,291–294 retinal vasculitis,295 amaurosis fugax,295 and Valsalva retinopathy296 have all been associated with cocaine and methamphetamine use/abuse (Fig. 17).…”

Section: Vascular Relatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arterial and/or venous occlusions, [291][292][293][294] retinal vasculitis, 295 amaurosis fugax, 295 and Valsalva retinopathy 296 have all been associated with cocaine and methamphetamine use/abuse (Fig. 17 vasospasm from intranasal inhalation is likely the cause of most cases of ischemic retinopathy.…”

Section: Methamphetamine and Cocainementioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Systemic Medications on Retinal Function

Somisetty

Santina

Sarraf

et al. 2023

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

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This study will provide a thorough review of systemic (and select intravitreal) medications, along with illicit drugs that are capable of causing various patterns of retinal toxicity. The diagnosis is established by taking a thorough medication and drug history, and then by pattern recognition of the clinical retinal changes and multimodal imaging features. Examples of all of these types of toxicity will be thoroughly reviewed, including agents that cause retinal pigment epithelial disruption (hydroxychloroquine, thioridazine, pentosan polysulfate sodium, dideoxyinosine), retinal vascular occlusion (quinine, oral contraceptives), cystoid macular edema/retinal edema (nicotinic acid, sulfa-containing medications, taxels, glitazones), crystalline deposition (tamoxifen, canthaxanthin, methoxyflurane), uveitis, miscellaneous, and subjective visual symptoms (digoxin, sildenafil). The impact of newer chemotherapeutics and immunotherapeutics (tyrosine kinase inhibitor, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, checkpoint, anaplastic lymphoma kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitors, and others), will also be thoroughly reviewed. The mechanism of action will be explored in detail when known. When applicable, preventive measures will be discussed, and treatment will be reviewed. Illicit drugs (cannabinoids, cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, alkyl nitrite), will also be reviewed in terms of the potential impact on retinal function.

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Bilateral Vascular Occlusions of the Anterior Visual Pathway and Cocaine Abuse

Abstract: The diagnosis of cocaine-related vascular occlusion to the anterior visual pathway may not be considered because physicians are unaware of these ocular side effects.

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Bilateral Enlargement of the Foveal Avascular Zone on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Associated With Cocaine Use

Bilateral Enlargement of the Foveal Avascular Zone on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Associated With Cocaine Use

The Impact of Systemic Medications on Retinal Function

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