Bilateral trade of cultural goods

Disdier, Anne‐Célia; Tai, Sílvio Hong Tiing; Fontagné, Lionel; Mayer, Thierry

doi:10.1007/s10290-009-0030-5

Cited by 108 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Our main source on hyperlinks data is Chung (2011), who provides data on bilateral hyperlinks for two years Table V), followed by hyperlinks from the US to Japan (44 million) and from the US to Germany (41 million). 9 So as long as we are using country top-level domains (ccTLD) such as .de for Germany or .it for Italy, classifying source and host countries is an easy task.…”

Section: Hyperlink Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual proximity and audiovisual services trade

Hellmanzik

Schmitz

2015

European Economic Review

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Note: This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the European Central Bank (ECB). Terms of use: Documents inThe views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the ECB AbstractAudiovisual services such as music and movies in digital formats have gained substantial importance over the last decade. This paper analyses audiovisual services in a gravity model framework. In particular, we explore the role of virtual proximity -a new proxy for cultural proximity based on bilateral hyperlinks and bilateral website visits between countries -and find that 'virtually-proximate' countries trade significantly larger amounts of audiovisual services. Our results show that virtual proximity also has a larger impact on trade in audiovisual services than on total services trade. Moreover, in line with Hanson and Xiang (2011), our analysis indicates that in the audiovisual services sector, global fixed export costs dominate bilateral fixed export costs for most countries in our sample.Keywords: International trade; audiovisual services; cultural proximity; hyperlinks; internet JEL Classification: F12, F15, Z10.ECB Working Paper 1826, July 2015 1 Non-technical summaryUp to the early 2000s, cultural products were largely traded in the form of goods, but due to technological advancements over the last decade, they increasingly appear in the services sector. Accordingly, the role of audiovisual services -as reflected by ever increasing digital music and movie sales -has grown substantially over the past decade. Moreover, audiovisual services are contentiously discussed in international trade negotiations, since music, movies and television shows play a key role in transmitting culture and values across the globe. Hence, international trade in audiovisual services and its determinants has been of high interest for both economic researchers and policy-makers.This paper analyses the determinants of audiovisual services trade in a gravity model framework. In particular, we explore the role of virtual proximity -a new proxy for cultural proximity based on bilateral hyperlinks on webpages and bilateral website visits between countries. The idea is to reflect, for instance, how often British or French internet users set links to or visit websites from the United States. The underlying assumption is that cultural proximity of two countries increases with the interest shown in each others' web content.We consider the audiovis...

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Section: Hyperlink Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual proximity and audiovisual services trade

Hellmanzik

Schmitz

2015

European Economic Review

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“…About the research on cultural trade influence factors, this paper mainly uses the bilateral trade flows between China and trading partners to analyze the influence factors of cultural goods export trade in China [5,6].…”

Section: Status Analysis About China Cultural Goods Export Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

The Research on China Export Trade in Cultural Goods

Yueling¹

2017

Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Education, Management, Information and Computer Science (ICEMC 2017)

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Abstract. China cultural goods trade is attracting wide attention from all walks of life. But there are still plenty of problems behind the rapid development. Therefore, this article studies China cultural goods trade from two perspectives, analysis of situation and the empirical analysis. In the empirical analysis, the extended gravity model is adopted. The results show that R 2 of the model is 0.96, which shows the fitting effect of the equation is better, and most of the explanatory variables are significant. Then, we can draw the following conclusions: The structure of Chinese cultural goods trade is imbalance, China cultural goods exports are mainly concentrated in the visual arts and crafts. Cultural factors such as cultural distance and addiction in cultural goods consumption have a significant impact on the export of cultural goods.

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“…The latter are thereby strongly correlated with geographic distance. Attempts to measure cultural proximity, and its effect on IIT, are found in Disdier et al (2010), who rely on bilateral cultural-goods trade 31 , and in Felbermayr and Toubal (2010), who use bilateral scores data from the Eurovision Song Contest 32 . The relationship they use is somewhat loose in measuring the impact on tourism activities.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-tourism trade, income distribution and tourism endowment: an econometric investigation

2015

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Empirical investigation (Nowak et al., 2012) points out that vertical intraindustry trade (VIIT) in Europe is the dominant type of intra-industry trade (IIT) in the tourism sector. This article is the first in tourism literature to test separately the determinants of vertically and horizontally differentiated services, using the most recent models in the theory of IIT. We examine bilateral trade among all trading partners of the sample of European countries, covering the period 2000 to 2008. We show that differences in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and the incomedistribution overlap, as well as cultural proximity, are the most significant driving forces behind VIIT for European countries. Geographic distance has a negative effect, whereas specific tourism endowments and relative size of the economies are less conclusive. These results confirm theory predictions and most of the empirical findings related to the pattern of VIIT for the manufacturing sector. As expected, we find that determinants of VIIT cannot explain horizontal intra-industry trade (HIIT) in tourism. We suggest two alternative methods of estimation: Generalized Least Squares (GLS) logistic function and the fractional logit estimator. We conclude that there are common factors explaining IIT in the manufacturing and tourism trades.

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Bilateral trade of cultural goods

Cited by 108 publications

References 29 publications

Virtual proximity and audiovisual services trade

Virtual proximity and audiovisual services trade

The Research on China Export Trade in Cultural Goods

Intra-tourism trade, income distribution and tourism endowment: an econometric investigation

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