Bilateral synovial cysts of the temporomandibular joint

Buckley, Christina E.; Beecher, Suzanne M.; Sleeman, D. P.; O’Shaughnessy, Michael V.

doi:10.1136/bcr-2019-230081

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Our study also supports the hypothesis of Partridge et al[ 26 ] In another study, 29 unilateral and two bilateral synovial cysts were reported in the TMJ joint. [ 27 ] In our study, we found unilateral synovial cysts in 32 (17.3%) cases on the right and 33 (17.8%) cases on the left, and bilateral synovial cysts were present in three (1.6%) cases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Investigation of incidental findings of temporomandibular joint disorders on brain magnetic resonance imaging in three-dimensional T2-weighted SPACE sequence performed for brain imaging

Samancı,

Oğul,

Gökçe

et al. 2024

Turk J Phys Med Rehab

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Objectives: The study aimed to determine the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) findings, to investigate the prevalence contribution of this sequence on cases in which cranial magnetic resonance examination was performed and three-dimensional (3D) T2-SPACE (T2-weighted sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts using different flip-angle evolutions) sequence was used by retrospectively scanning the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) archive of our hospital, and to reveal the advantages of the 3D-T2 SPACE sequence in patients with TMJ disorders. Patients and methods: The cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted with 499 patients (289 females, 210 males; mean age: 50.1±17.7 years; range, 8 to 92 years) who underwent brain MRI and had 3D-T2 SPACE between March 1, 2021 and March 1, 2022. Two radiologists analyzed the TMJs of the subjects included in the study in 3D-T2 SPACE sequences. Results: At least one incidental finding was detected in the TMJ in 37.1% (n=185) of the patients included in our study. In our study, the most common (13.6%) MRI findings were osteoarthritic changes and synovial cysts. Joint effusion (13.2%) and disc displacement (9%) were less frequent. When the relationship between the age of the patients and the presence of incidental findings, degeneration, effusion, disc displacement, and cyst was examined, the age of the patients with incidental findings (p=0.001) and osteoarthritic changes (p<0.001) was statistically significantly higher. Conclusion: Incidental findings, particularly osteoarthritic changes and synovial cysts, can be seen quite commonly in the TMJ in brain MRI using 3D T2-SPACE sequences in the general population. The 3D T2-SPACE sequence provides valuable information in the recognition of TMJ disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Investigation of incidental findings of temporomandibular joint disorders on brain magnetic resonance imaging in three-dimensional T2-weighted SPACE sequence performed for brain imaging

Samancı,

Oğul,

Gökçe

et al. 2024

Turk J Phys Med Rehab

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“…17 A clinical sign of tumourlike diseases, including diffuse synovial giant cell tumours, synovial cysts, and SC, is preauricular edema. 18 It is challenging to distinguish SC from TMD or osteoarthritis because of the other vague symptoms. SC has a local invasive behaviour that can cause bone erosion by affecting the glenoid fossa, disc, and condyle and potentially extending into the brain later on.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint

Bukhsh,

Alzaid,

Alshawaf

et al. 2023

Int J Community Med Public Health

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When cartilage-like tissue is present in the synovial membrane of joints, it is known as synovial chondromatosis (SC). The main cause is believed to be the metaplasia of embryonal mesenchymal tissue in the synovial membrane. The metaplastic foci grow within the joint space and can detach from the synovial wall, forming free-floating bodies. While SC is more commonly associated with trauma in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the exact relationship between trauma and SC remains unclear. Improved diagnostic techniques, such as CT and MRI, have led to increased recognition of SC in the TMJ. Gender differences in the prevalence of TMJ SC have been observed, with women being more affected. Diagnosis involves imaging techniques like X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, and surgical removal of loose bodies is the preferred treatment. Arthroscopy is recommended for small, isolated loose bodies, while open surgery may be necessary for complete removal. Long-term follow-up is essential to monitor for recurrence. Histopathological findings reveal a mixture of cartilage and bone, with ossification and calcification present.

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“…Flattening of the TMJ condyle refers to a degenerative alteration caused by TMJ overload and the involvement of masseter and temporal muscles [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. It manifests as the loss of the rounded contour surface of the condylar head or the articular eminence, primarily due to the destruction of fibrocartilage and bone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Synovial cysts of the condyle, which have similarities in appearance to ganglion cysts, were identified in 1% of cases in our study, primarily in females [ 51 ]. Another study reported a slightly higher prevalence in females with an average age of 46 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Condylar Bone Pathology in Patients with and without Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Using Orthopantomography

Jaber,

Khalid,

Gamal

et al. 2023

JCM

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This study aimed to compare condylar bony pathology in patients with and without temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) using orthopantomography at Ajman University dental clinics between 2017 and 2021. Patient data from the Ajman University archives were collected after obtaining ethical approval. OPG (orthopantomogram) views were evaluated for potential TMJ pathology. Three independent observers underwent calibration and image analysis, with their agreement level calculated using Kappa statistics (score 0.781). Condylar changes were coded from 0 to 6. Statistical tests such as the Mann–Whitney Test, Kruskal–Wallis test, Spearman’s correlation, and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The inter-examiner reliability for OPG was 0.903, and intra-examiner reliability was 0.908. The most common condylar bony changes observed in OPG views were flattening and osteophyte. Female participants had a higher prevalence of all bony changes. Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) can manifest with symptomatic and detectable bony changes in OPG views. The prevalence of temporomandibular disorder appeared similar between genders, but differences were observed regarding the number of teeth lost, with unilateral tooth loss being more common. Interestingly, bruxism did not seem to significantly impact of temporomandibular disorder patients.

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Bilateral synovial cysts of the temporomandibular joint

Abstract: Synovial cysts very rarely affect the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). On review of the literature, there are 29 reported cases of unilateral synovial cysts of the TMJ. We present a case of bilateral synovial cysts occurring at the TMJs.

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Investigation of incidental findings of temporomandibular joint disorders on brain magnetic resonance imaging in three-dimensional T2-weighted SPACE sequence performed for brain imaging

Investigation of incidental findings of temporomandibular joint disorders on brain magnetic resonance imaging in three-dimensional T2-weighted SPACE sequence performed for brain imaging

Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint

A Comparative Study of Condylar Bone Pathology in Patients with and without Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Using Orthopantomography

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