Bilateral Microphthalmia and Aphakia Associated with Multiple Eye Abnormalities in a Free-Living European Red Deer Calf (&lt;i&gt;Cervus elaphus&lt;/i&gt;)

Vercelli, Alessandro; Carminato, Antonio; Luchesa, Lucio; Pasolli, C.; Cova, Mariapia; Marchioro, Wendy; Melchiotti, Erica; Vascellari, Marta

doi:10.1292/jvms.11-0385

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In the case reported, all eye components were present bilaterally, with the exception of the lens of the left eye. Aphakia and retinal dysplasia have been reported to be associated with microphthalmia in a number of species including cattle5 17 34–36; however, the thickening of the sclera was a striking finding in this case. The presence of an abnormally thickened sclera has been reported in cases of microphthalmia in humans and it has been suggested that the abnormal collagen fibres may prevent the early development of the globe,37 although to our knowledge this has not been reported in cattle.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Multiple congenital ocular abnormalities including microphthalmia, microphakia and aphakia in a Simmental cross bull

Gladden

Rodríguez

Marchesi

et al. 2019

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 20-month-old Simmental cross bull presented to the Scottish Centre for Production Animal Health and Food Safety, University of Glasgow School of Veterinary Medicine, in April 2015 with multiple congenital ocular abnormalities including bilateral microphthalmia. We present this case as an interesting presentation of idiopathic multiple congenital ocular abnormalities in the absence of congenital abnormalities affecting other body systems. This case highlights an unusual ocular presentation and illustrates the importance of a thorough clinical examination. The prognosis for cases of multiple congenital ocular abnormalities including microphthalmia is poor as no treatment is available and welfare is often compromised. It is therefore important that cases are accurately diagnosed so appropriate management decisions can be made regarding the individual and any herd investigations that are required can be instigated.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Multiple congenital ocular abnormalities including microphthalmia, microphakia and aphakia in a Simmental cross bull

Gladden

Rodríguez

Marchesi

et al. 2019

Vet Record Case Reports

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“…Following displacement, the epithelium will proliferate and continuously deposit desquamated cells into the center of the cyst . These eye lesions have been previously reported in dogs, humans, llama, red deer, and a cat . The inciting cause can be trauma, previous corneal surgery, or these cysts can be congenital lesions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…1,3,4,10 These eye lesions have been previously reported in dogs, humans, llama, red deer, and a cat. [3][4][5][6]8,[10][11][12][13][14] The inciting cause can be trauma, previous corneal surgery, or these cysts can be congenital lesions. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]10,12,[15][16][17][18][19] Affected eyes are typically comfortable with minimal associated keratitis, but vision can be impaired by the size and location of the cyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and diagnostic evaluation of intraocular expulsion of a corneal epithelial inclusion cyst in a dog

Heller

DiFazio

Gomes

et al. 2019

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Case description: An 8‐year‐old spayed female mixed‐breed dog was presented for evaluation of an axial, raised, vascularized, lightly pigmented 3 mm diameter corneal lesion affecting the left eye (OS) that was present since adoption three years prior to presentation. The presumed cyst ruptured into the anterior chamber 5 months following initial presentation with progressive extrusion of intralesional contents into the anterior chamber. High‐frequency ultrasound and in vivo confocal microscopy revealed minimal normal stroma posterior to the corneal lesion. Due to the lack of stroma, a deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) was attempted using the viscodissection technique. While separating the stroma from Descemet's membrane, a tear in the membrane was observed, and the procedure was converted to a penetrating keratoplasty (PK). The mass was excised en bloc, and a frozen corneal allograft and conjunctival pedicle graft were utilized to restore corneal thickness. The extruded material was irrigated out of the anterior chamber and submitted for culture and cytology. There was no growth on aerobic, anaerobic, or fungal cultures, and cytology revealed mixed neutrophilic and macrophagic inflammation with keratinizing squamous epithelium. Histopathology identified the mass to be a corneal epithelial inclusion cyst lined with well‐differentiated stratified squamous epithelium. The dog is doing well 10 months post‐operatively with no signs of recurrence along with good comfort and vision.

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“…13,27 Similar congenital ocular defects to those described in humans and domestic animals have been sporadically reported in wild cervids, but underlying causes remain unknown. Cases in white-tailed deer (WTD) have been most frequently reported in the literature, 7,9,12,15,25,31 but reports of affected red deer (Cervus elaphus) 10,19 and moose (Alces alces) 14 are available. Specific findings in WTD have included unilateral and bilateral anophthalmia and microphthalmia, 7,9,12,25,31 cataracts, 12 retinal dysplasia, 9,12,31 colobomata, 12 and corneoscleral choristomas.…”

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confidence: 99%

Congenital Ocular Abnormalities in Free-Ranging White-Tailed Deer

et al. 2018

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Congenital ocular abnormalities in cervids have been previously reported as individual cases from various regions of the United States and include microphthalmia, anophthalmia, congenital cataracts, dermoids, and colobomata. A common underlying cause for these abnormalities, such as nutritional deficiencies, environmental toxin exposures, or genetic mutations, has not been established. This retrospective study summarized and compared cases of suspected congenital ocular abnormalities in free-ranging white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus) submitted to the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study (SCWDS) in Athens, Georgia, to the preexisting literature. Of 3645 accessions of white-tailed deer submitted to SCWDS, 15 qualifying case records were found. An additional 15 cases were reported previously in the literature. Conditions described in SCWDS cases included microphthalmia (8/15), congenital cataracts (3/15), anophthalmia (2/15), colobomata (1/15), anterior segment dysgenesis (1/15), ectopic lacrimal gland tissue (1/15), and congenital blindness with corneal opacity (1/15). Most (11/15; 73%) of the SCWDS cases were male fawns with an average age of 4 months at presentation, consistent with previously described cases. Most animals had bilateral abnormalities with few extraocular congenital abnormalities, also consistent with existing reports. Cases were variably tested for various infectious agents at the time of submission; 2 cases were seropositive for bluetongue virus. Spatiotemporal clustering of cases was not evident. This study provided a concise and systematic summary of known existing cases of congenital ocular defects in fawns but did not identify a cause.

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Bilateral Microphthalmia and Aphakia Associated with Multiple Eye Abnormalities in a Free-Living European Red Deer Calf (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>)

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Multiple congenital ocular abnormalities including microphthalmia, microphakia and aphakia in a Simmental cross bull

Multiple congenital ocular abnormalities including microphthalmia, microphakia and aphakia in a Simmental cross bull

Clinical and diagnostic evaluation of intraocular expulsion of a corneal epithelial inclusion cyst in a dog

Congenital Ocular Abnormalities in Free-Ranging White-Tailed Deer

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