Bilateral Anterior Thigh Thickness: A New Diagnostic Tool for the Identification of Low Muscle Mass?

Wilson, Daisy; Moorey, Hannah; Stringer, Howard; Sahbudin, Ilfita; Filer, Andrew; Lord, Janet M.; Sapey, Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2019.04.005

Cited by 39 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…There is some evidence that position can affect measurement of muscle quantity by ultrasound and BIA [58,59]. However, the results will be compared to a reference group of young healthy individuals taken in the same position as we have described, using the same technique [11]. The position described is one that we can consider to be feasible for measurements in a variety of different clinical environments, whilst ensuring the quadriceps are relaxed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…All measurements will be performed by an investigator with training in taking these measurements. The reliability of BATT has been shown to be excellent when using the same protocol and same machine (intraclass coefficients > 0.9 for both intra-rater and inter-rater variability) [11].…”

Section: Muscle Quantity Assessment Quadriceps Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Rectus Femoris (RF) and Vastus Intermedius (VI) muscles in both legs will be assessed using two-dimensional B-mode ultrasonography with a linear probe, as previously described [11]. This will be performed at first visit, immediately postoperatively (where applicable), at 7 day follow-up, and at 13 week follow-up.…”

Section: Muscle Quantity Assessment Quadriceps Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sarcopenia will be defined as per EWGSOP2 as handgrip strength below 16 kg in women or below 27 kg in men [2,55], in combination with low muscle quantity or quality. Cut-offs for low muscle quantity and quality will be evaluated comparing the cohort against reference data in healthy young adults; cut-offs for BATT of 3.85 cm in women and 5.44 cm in men have been proposed [11]. Severe sarcopenia will be defined as additional presence of low physical performance; gait speed 0.8 m/s or less [56] or SPPB of 8 or less [57].…”

Section: Acute Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these tests cannot be used at the bedside and have limitations when used serially [10]. Ultrasound measurement of Bilateral Anterior Thigh Thickness (BATT) has excellent inter-rater and intrarater variability [11]. EWGSOP2 supports use of ultrasound for clinical assessment of sarcopenia [2] and a consensus protocol has been proposed [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protocol for understanding acute sarcopenia: a cohort study to characterise changes in muscle quantity and physical function in older adults following hospitalisation

et al. 2020

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Background: Older adults are vulnerable to the effects of acute sarcopenia (acute muscle insufficiency) following hospitalisation. However, this condition remains poorly characterised to date. It is hypothesised that acute sarcopenia arises due to a combination of bed rest and inflammatory surge. This study aims to characterise changes in muscle quantity and function, determining which factors (clinical and biological) are most predictive, and how these relate to change in physical function at 13 weeks. Methods: This study will include three groups of patients aged 70 years and older; patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery, patients admitted for emergency abdominal surgery, and patients admitted under general medicine with acute bacterial infections. Changes in muscle quantity (Bilateral Anterior Thigh Thickness with ultrasound and bioelectrical impedance analysis) and muscle function (muscle strength, physical performance) within 1 week of hospitalisation or surgery will be characterised, with follow-up of patients at 13 weeks. Physical function will be measured using the Patient Reported Outcome Measures Information System, and the Short Physical Performance Battery (or gait speed alone within 1 week of surgery). Discussion: This study will fully characterise changes in muscle quantity and function in hospitalised older adults and enable risk stratification towards targeted interventions in clinical practice. The results of this study will inform further research involving interventions to ameliorate changes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Muscle Quantity Assessment Quadriceps Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Muscle Quantity Assessment Quadriceps Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acute Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protocol for understanding acute sarcopenia: a cohort study to characterise changes in muscle quantity and physical function in older adults following hospitalisation

et al. 2020

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The ISarcoPRM Algorithm: A Thoroughfare for the ‘Geriatric Pandemic’

Abdulsalam,

Kara,

Özçakar

2023

Calcif Tissue Int

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The influence of immobility on muscle loss in older people with frailty and fragility fractures

Lunt,

Gordon,

Greenhaff

et al. 2024

GeroScience

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This longitudinal study aimed to assess muscle morphological and functional changes in older patients admitted with fragility fractures managed by immobilisation of the affected limb for at least 6 weeks. Patients aged ≥ 70 hospitalised with non-weight bearing limb fractures, and functionally limited to transfers only, were recruited. Handgrip (HGS) and knee extensor strength (KES), Vastus Lateralis muscle thickness (VLMT) and cross-sectional area at ultrasound (VLCSA) were measured in the non-injured limb at hospital admission, 1, 3 and 6 weeks later. Barthel Index, mobility aid use and residential status were recorded at baseline and 16 weeks. Longitudinal changes in muscle measurements were analysed using one-way repeated measures ANOVA. In a sub-study, female patients’ baseline measurements were compared to 11 healthy, female, non-frail, non-hospitalised control volunteers (HC) with comparable BMI, aged ≥ 70, using independent t tests. Fifty patients (44 female) participated. Neither muscle strength nor muscle size changed over a 6-week immobilisation. Dependency increased significantly from pre-fracture to 16 weeks. At baseline, the patient subgroup was weaker (HGS 9.2 ± 4.7 kg vs. 19.9 ± 5.8 kg, p < 0.001; KES 4.5 ± 1.5 kg vs. 7.8 ± 1.3 kg, p < 0.001) and had lower muscle size (VLMT 1.38 ± 0.47 cm vs. 1.75 ± 0.30 cm, p = 0.02; VLCSA 8.92 ± 4.37 cm2 vs. 13.35 ± 3.97 cm2, p = 0.005) than HC. The associations with lower muscle strength measures but not muscle size remained statistically significant after adjustment for age. Patients with non-weight bearing fractures were weaker than HC even after accounting for age differences. Although functional dependency increased after fracture, this was not related to muscle mass or strength loss, which remained unchanged.

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Bilateral Anterior Thigh Thickness: A New Diagnostic Tool for the Identification of Low Muscle Mass?

Cited by 39 publications

References 28 publications

Protocol for understanding acute sarcopenia: a cohort study to characterise changes in muscle quantity and physical function in older adults following hospitalisation

Protocol for understanding acute sarcopenia: a cohort study to characterise changes in muscle quantity and physical function in older adults following hospitalisation

The ISarcoPRM Algorithm: A Thoroughfare for the ‘Geriatric Pandemic’

The influence of immobility on muscle loss in older people with frailty and fragility fractures

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