Bifunctional porous iron phosphide/carbon nanostructure enabled high-performance sodium-ion battery and hydrogen evolution reaction

Synthesis of Cobalt Sulfide Multi‐shelled Nanoboxes with Precisely Controlled Two to Five Shells for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…[9,[14][15][16][17][18] In particular,h ollow structures with complex interiors have drawn significant attention owing to their structure-dependent merits.A sf or sodium storage applications,i ntricate hollow structures exhibit great advantages over simple hollow architectures. [6,7,[23][24][25][26][32][33][34] Given the presence of both thermally and chemically unstable porous frameworks,M OFs can be easily converted into hollow structured materials via pyrolysis or chemical reactions with desirable reagents.A mong different transformation methods,ion-exchange reactions have been shown as an effective tool for structural and compositional transformation of MOFs. [22] As ar esult, av ariety of electrode materials have been fabricated in the form of multi-shelled hollow structures.…”

“…[22] As ar esult, av ariety of electrode materials have been fabricated in the form of multi-shelled hollow structures. [32,33] Despite all these achievements mentioned above,s tudies on non-spherical multi-shelled particles with precisely controlled number of shells for high-performance SIBs are still rare due to the challenges in synthesis of such multi-shelled particles. [32,33] Despite all these achievements mentioned above,s tudies on non-spherical multi-shelled particles with precisely controlled number of shells for high-performance SIBs are still rare due to the challenges in synthesis of such multi-shelled particles.…”

“…[6,7,[23][24][25][26][32][33][34] Given the presence of both thermally and chemically unstable porous frameworks,M OFs can be easily converted into hollow structured materials via pyrolysis or chemical reactions with desirable reagents.A mong different transformation methods,ion-exchange reactions have been shown as an effective tool for structural and compositional transformation of MOFs. [6,7,[23][24][25][26][32][33][34] Given the presence of both thermally and chemically unstable porous frameworks,M OFs can be easily converted into hollow structured materials via pyrolysis or chemical reactions with desirable reagents.A mong different transformation methods,ion-exchange reactions have been shown as an effective tool for structural and compositional transformation of MOFs.…”

“…[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] It is also noted that non-spherical particles might exhibit some advantage for SIBs, [9,15] owing to their larger surface area compared to spherical counterparts with identical volume.T he higher surface area may bring in some important positive effects,such as more abundant active sites and better electrolyte adsorption. [32,33] Despite all these achievements mentioned above,s tudies on non-spherical multi-shelled particles with precisely controlled number of shells for high-performance SIBs are still rare due to the challenges in synthesis of such multi-shelled particles.In recently years,h ollow structured materials derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been intensively investigated in energy-related applications. [6,7,[23][24][25][26][32][33][34] Given the presence of both thermally and chemically unstable porous frameworks,M OFs can be easily converted into hollow structured materials via pyrolysis or chemical reactions with desirable reagents.A mong different transformation methods,ion-exchange reactions have been shown as an effective tool for structural and compositional transformation of MOFs.…”

“…[32,33] Despite all these achievements mentioned above,s tudies on non-spherical multi-shelled particles with precisely controlled number of shells for high-performance SIBs are still rare due to the challenges in synthesis of such multi-shelled particles.In recently years,h ollow structured materials derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been intensively investigated in energy-related applications. [6,7,[23][24][25][26][32][33][34] Given the presence of both thermally and chemically unstable porous frameworks,M OFs can be easily converted into hollow structured materials via pyrolysis or chemical reactions with desirable reagents.A mong different transformation methods,ion-exchange reactions have been shown as an effective tool for structural and compositional transformation of MOFs. [8,24,35] Therefore,r ational design of multi-step ionexchange strategies may pave the way to construct MOFderived complex hollow particles,i nt erms of both shell architecture and chemical composition.Herein, we report an "ion-conversion-exchange" strategy to synthesize cobalt sulfide multi-shelled nanoboxes (MSNBs) with precisely controlled number of shells for sodium storage.T he ion conversion and exchange reactions developed herein can enable control of both structure and composition of the as-prepared particles.W ef irst transform zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) nanocubes (NCs) into ZIF-67/cobalt polyvanadate yolk-shell nanocubes (YSNCs) through the ion-exchange reaction between the MOF precursor and polyvanadate ions.A fterwards,t he cobalt polyvanadate outer layer can be converted into cobalt divanadate shell during the solvothermal treatment in neutral media.…”