Bifunctional Lewis and Brønsted acidic zeolites permit the continuous production of bio-renewable furanic ethers

Abstract

Bifunctional Sn- and Al-containing BEA zeolites, prepared by solid state incorporation, allow furanic ethers to be produced continuously at high (>80%) levels of selectivity.

Intensification studies of heterogeneous catalysts: probing and overcoming catalyst deactivation during liquid phase operation

“…82 For a similar reaction (Figure 21), we also demonstrated that adding of a small amount of Brønsted acidity to a Sn-containing zeolite led to substantial improvements in stability of the transfer hydrogenation/etherification system. 91 In this case of bifunctional Sn,Al-, BMF selectivity was maintained above 70 % even after 2300 turnovers, whereas the selectivity in the Snonly system decreased to < 30 % after only 900 turnovers ( Figure 22).…”

Synthesis of Biomass‐Derived Ethers for Use as Fuels and Lubricants

“…[86] Padovan et al suggested that bifunctionalB rønsted and Lewis acidic zeolites facilitatet he production of butoxy methyl furan via the etherification of furfural and 2-butanol. [164] They found that ab ifunctional H-BEA containing 2wt% Sn and 0.5 wt %A lg ave high ether selectivity (> 75 %) and exhibited excellent stability.B yc ontrast, monofunctional analogues or physicalm ixtures of the analoguesw ere less selective and stable. [164] Fang et al also found that Sn-MFI was effectivef or the etherification of BHMF with methanolt op roduce BMMF, achieving as electivity of 95 %.…”

“…[164] They found that ab ifunctional H-BEA containing 2wt% Sn and 0.5 wt %A lg ave high ether selectivity (> 75 %) and exhibited excellent stability.B yc ontrast, monofunctional analogues or physicalm ixtures of the analoguesw ere less selective and stable. [164] Fang et al also found that Sn-MFI was effectivef or the etherification of BHMF with methanolt op roduce BMMF, achieving as electivity of 95 %. The authors found that BMMF formation increased with increasing Lewis acidityo ft he catalyst.…”

“…Padovan et al. suggested that bifunctional Brønsted and Lewis acidic zeolites facilitate the production of butoxy methyl furan via the etherification of furfural and 2‐butanol . They found that a bifunctional H‐BEA containing 2 wt % Sn and 0.5 wt % Al gave high ether selectivity (>75 %) and exhibited excellent stability.…”

“…They found that a bifunctional H‐BEA containing 2 wt % Sn and 0.5 wt % Al gave high ether selectivity (>75 %) and exhibited excellent stability. By contrast, monofunctional analogues or physical mixtures of the analogues were less selective and stable . Fang et al.…”