“…Significant progress had been achieved in pursuing high power, high efficiency, high-power microwave (HPM) devices (Chen et al, 2002;Eltchaninov et al, 2003;Li et al, 2010;Xiao et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2010), and the study of HPM relativistic Cherenkov oscillators with the capability of generating dual and multiple microwave frequencies simultaneously in one beam shot is becoming a novel and attractive topic recently (Chen et al, 2009;Ginzburg et al, 2003a;2003b;He et al, 2011;Ju et al, 2009;Ryskin et al, 2001;Tang et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2010;Yang et al, 1999), for the radiation beating radio-frequency waves could be used for electronic warfare systems, and various communication and sounding systems. Chen et al (2009) investigated the dual-frequency magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator (MILO) with azimuthal partition operating at L-band, the particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation results indicated that the power conversion efficiency was only about 8.1%.…”