Bifidobacterium breve Attenuates Murine Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis and Increases Regulatory T Cell Responses

Abstract

While some probiotics have shown beneficial effects on preventing or treating colitis development, others have shown no effects. In this study, we have assessed the immunomodulating effects of two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) and Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve) on T cell polarization in vitro, using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and in vivo, using murine dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis model. With respect to the latter, the mRNA expression of T cell subset-associated transcription factors and cytokines in the colon was measured and the T helper type (Th) 17 and regulatory T cell (Treg) subsets were determined in the Peyer's patches. Both L. rhamnosus and B. breve incubations in vitro reduced Th17 and increased Th2 cell subsets in human PBMCs. In addition, B. breve incubation was also able to reduce Th1 and increase Treg cell subsets in contrast to L. rhamnosus. In vivo intervention with B. breve, but not L. rhamnosus, significantly attenuated the severity of DSS-induced colitis. In DSS-treated C57BL/6 mice, intervention with B. breve increased the expression of mRNA encoding for Th2- and Treg-associated cytokines in the distal colon. In addition, intervention with B. breve led to increases of Treg and decreases of Th17 cell subsets in Peyer's patches of DSS-treated mice. B. breve modulates T cell polarization towards Th2 and Treg cell-associated responses in vitro and in vivo. In vivo B. breve intervention ameliorates DSS-induced colitis symptoms and this protective effect may mediated by its effects on the T-cell composition.

Effect of probiotics on clinical and immune parameters in enthesitis-related arthritis category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis

“…In addition to clinical efficacy, we studied the effects of probiotic on systemic immune parameters, i.e. In animals fed with probiotics, local T cells have been shown to skew towards T regs in contrast to Th17 cells in response to antigens or subdue arthritis by inhibiting the Th1 response [33][34][35]. A 12-week probiotic therapy had no effect on these parameters.…”

Vitamin D/VDR, Probiotics, and Gastrointestinal Diseases

“…Immune disorder is supposed to be one of the main pathogenic mechanisms of autoimmune diseases, such as IBD [82] and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [83] . Probiotics modulate the host-pathogen interactions by effecting on the innate immune responses, which involve the TLR, NF-κB, MAPK, and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways.…”

Exploring the role of the microbiota member Bifidobacterium in modulating immune-linked diseases

“…In an IBD-like model, B. breve NutRes 204 ameliorated dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. This was linked to increases in Tregs and decreases in Th17 (CD4 + IL-17 + ) cell subsets in Peyer's patches of DSS-treated mice and concurrent differential expression of Th1 cells, Th2, and Treg-associated cytokines [51]. Zuo et al reported an increase in mesenteric lymph node (MLN) Tregs (i.e.…”

“…emphasise the importance of the species and even the strain of Bifidobacterium that is used. In a necrotising enterocolitis (NEC, which is also linked to epithelial barrier disruption) mouse model, B. breve was shown to up-regulate TJ proteins Claudin 4 and Occludin [51], and a non-specified species of Bifidobacterium increased ZO-1 in a rat NEC model [8]. Studies have also shown that the effects of bifidobacteria are only exerted, or are increased, when live bifidobacteria are used.…”