Bien-être du porc : le point de vue de l'animal, approches biologiques et comportementales

Mormède, Pierre; Foury, Aline; Meunier-Salaün, Marie-Christine

doi:10.4267/2042/47833

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…The stress response can be seen as the set of physiological and behavioural processes developed by the animal to respond to these disruptions and to restore homeostasis (Young et al, 1989). The stress response occurs through the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and corticotrop axis (Dantzer and Mormè de, 1983), which -E-mail: montagne@agrocampus-ouest.fr mainly results in transient changes in nutrient metabolism and partitioning to provide energy and nutrients required for the behavioural and metabolic responses (Mormè de et al, 2006). However, a long-lasting stress response can have detrimental effects on health and behaviour, thereby altering animal well-being, feed intake and growth (Mormè de, 1995;Schrama et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sanitary housing conditions modify the performance and behavioural response of weaned pigs to feed- and housing-related stressors

Pastorelli

Floc'H

Merlot

et al. 2012

Animal

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Pigs are confronted with changes in farming practices that may affect performance and animal well-being. The sanitary conditions of the farm can have an impact on the ability of pigs to adapt to these changes. This study aimed to analyse how weaned pigs respond to common farming practices of changes in diet and housing in terms of performance, health and behaviour, and how these responses are affected by the sanitary housing conditions, qualified here as good or poor. At weaning at 4 weeks of age, 20 piglets were assigned to 10 blocks of two littermates and each pig within a litter was randomly assigned to one of two sanitary conditions. Pigs were housed individually and received a starter diet. A diet change occurred on day 12 post weaning (starter to weaner diets) and pigs were transferred to the grower unit on day 33 post weaning and continued to receive the weaner diet. From 43 days post weaning, pigs were offered a grower diet and were vaccinated against swine influenza on day 47 and 61 post weaning. On the basis of this design, three post-weaning phases were identified: phase I from day 1 to 11 (post weaning), phase II from day 12 to 32 (after the diet change) and phase III from day 33 to 42 (after the housing change). Individual BW was measured every 3 days, and feed refusals and faecal scores were recorded on a daily basis. Behavioural observations were performed during 28 days by using the instantaneous scan sampling method. Individual blood samples were collected at the end of each phase to analyse the plasma concentration of haptoglobin and on day 68 post weaning to analyse the anti-influenza immunoglobulins G (IgG). Poor sanitary conditions resulted in a decrease in daily gain, feed intake and gain to feed ratio of, respectively, 11%, 5% and 7% (P< 0.05). Pigs in poor sanitary conditions had higher faecal scores (P< 0.05), tended to have higher plasma haptoglobin concentration in phase II (P= 0.06) and had a higher anti-influenza IgG titre (P= 0.11). The diet change affected performance and behavioural responses of pigs in poor but not in good sanitary conditions. Housing change resulted in a 30% decrease in growth and an increase in behaviour oriented towards exploration and excitement. The results of this study show an effect of sanitary conditions on the responses of pigs to a diet change, whereas those to a housing change were little affected by the sanitary conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sanitary housing conditions modify the performance and behavioural response of weaned pigs to feed- and housing-related stressors

Pastorelli

Floc'H

Merlot

et al. 2012

Animal

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“…However, the concept of animal welfare is complex. Animal welfare refers to the psychological state of an individual in relation to its internal and external environment [24]. According to the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), "animal welfare is the positive mental and physical state related to the satisfaction of its physiological and behavioural needs and expectations.…”

Section: Animal Welfare and Alternative Production Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pigs have limited thermal regulation capabilities; in the wild, they depend on mud baths to cool themselves on hot days [24]. In a thermoneutral situation, pigs separate their resting area from their manure area, which is preferably moist and exposed to draughts [56].…”

Section: Absence Of Discomfortmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a thermoneutral situation, pigs separate their resting area from their manure area, which is preferably moist and exposed to draughts [56]. However, this dissociation disappears when pigs experience high temperatures and the entire pen is soiled with excrement [24]. Pigs respond to high ambient temperatures by using a floor that promotes conductive heat loss.…”

Section: Absence Of Discomfortmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pigs are gregarious animals. They form stable groups with a hierarchical social structure, limiting severe physical aggression between individuals [24].…”

Section: Freedom To Express Normal Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pig Farming in Alternative Systems: Strengths and Challenges in Terms of Animal Welfare, Biosecurity, Animal Health and Pork Safety

et al. 2020

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In pig production, the widespread conventional indoor system with a slatted floor currently dominates. However, this production system is becoming less socially acceptable. In addition to general environmental protection issues, animal welfare, the absence of suffering and distress, and the management of pain also constitute societal concerns. In this context, alternative production systems are gaining ground. Although they are popular with consumers and other citizens, these alternative systems have their critical points. Here, we reviewed the international scientific literature to establish the state of the art of current knowledge regarding welfare, biosecurity, animal health and pork safety in this type of farming system. In general, alternative farms give pigs the opportunity to express a broader range of behaviours than conventional farms. However, the management of feeding, watering, temperature and predators is often more complicated in these outdoor systems. In addition, biosecurity measures seem to be applied less strictly in alternative farms than in conventional farms, especially in free-range systems, where they are more difficult to implement. On the other hand, pigs kept in these farming systems seem to be less affected by respiratory diseases, but parasitism and piglet crushing (in farrowing units) both remain a real challenge. Furthermore, the higher prevalence of many zoonotic pathogens in these farms may represent a risk for human health.

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Bien-être du porc : le point de vue de l'animal, approches biologiques et comportementales

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Sanitary housing conditions modify the performance and behavioural response of weaned pigs to feed- and housing-related stressors

Sanitary housing conditions modify the performance and behavioural response of weaned pigs to feed- and housing-related stressors

Pig Farming in Alternative Systems: Strengths and Challenges in Terms of Animal Welfare, Biosecurity, Animal Health and Pork Safety

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