“…Compared with video anomaly detection [45], [26], [46], [47], [48], vision-based traffic accident perception shows the most inadequate research mainly due to the collection difficulty of accident video data. Most relating to this work, various surveys on traffic accident situations concentrate on traffic accident recognition or collision avoidance from specific occasions (e.g., intersection, urban scene), road participants (e.g., vehicles-centric and pedestrian-centric), and applications (e.g., surveillance safety [38], [39] and autonomous driving [43], [44]).…”