Bidirectional Small-Intestinal Permeability in the Rat to Some Common Marker Molecules in vitro

Pantzar, N.; Lundin, S.; Wester, Lena; Weström, Björn

doi:10.3109/00365529409092497

Cited by 43 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…17) In contrast, Pantzar et al reported that the net rate of fluid-phase transcytosis of [ 3 H]inulin across cultured MDCK epithelial cells is approximately equal in both directions, even though the basolateral endocytotic rate is 6-fold greater than the apical rate. 18) In our study, we observed that mucosato-serosal and serosal-to-mucosal fluxes of laminaran are nonlinear transport on the concentration of the laminaran in the donor chamber. These findings are consistent with transport in both fluxes occurring as a result of membrane traffic, and paracellular permeation, or a combination of both processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Nonlinear Intestinal Absorption of (1.RAR.3)-.BETA.-D-Glucan Caused by Absorptive and Secretory Transporting System

Tomita

Miwa

Ouchi

et al. 2009

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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(1→3)-b-D-Glucan is a constituent of the cell wall or a reserved polysaccharide of algae, eumycetes, and higher plants. On the other hand, higher animals including mammal do not have any enzyme to synthesize or hydrolyze this type of glucan.1) The glucan is involved in a variety of host-defense biological responses, such as host-mediated antitumor activity in vertebrate, activation of the alternative pathway of the complement system, activation of the prophenoloxidase activating system in arthropods, and activation of the coagulation system of limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL).Measurement of (1→3)-b-D-glucan in blood by use of LAL based reagent is an aid in the diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases in humans. [2][3][4][5] As the blood (1→3)-b-D-glucan concentrations in healthy volunteers or patients with no fungal infection were almost less than the cut-off value of each reagent kit, 3,6) it is believed that the dietary glucan is not absorbed in blood stream from digestive tract. The possibility of absorption of oral administrated (1→3)-b-D-glucan into blood stream, however, has been reported in a certain clinical case with no possible fungal infection 7,8) and in the experiment where fluorescently labeled glucan was used in rat. 9) In this study, we investigated the absorptive and secretory transporting system of intact laminaran as (1→3)-b-D-glucan in rat intestine and revealed participation of its multiple transporting mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS MaterialsLaminaria digitata laminaran, primarily poly(1→3)-b-D-glucose with some (1→6)-b-interstrand linkages and branch points with weight-average molecular weight of 7700, 10) fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran 40000 (FD-40) and 2,4-dinitrophenol was purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, U.S.A.). All other chemicals were commercial products of reagent grade. Measurement of Intestinal Absorption by in Situ LoopMethod Intestinal absorption of laminaran was evaluated by the loop method.11,12) The ileum of male Wistar/ST rats weighing 200 to 250 g (Japan SLC, Hamamatsu, Japan) was exposed by middle line abdominal incision, and two Lshaped glass cannulas (i.d. 2 mm, o.d. 4 mm) were inserted through small slits at the proximal and distal ends (7 cm). The proximal end and distal end of the cannulas were inserted into the point of 12 cm and 5 cm above from cecum, respectively. Each cannulas was secured by ligation with a silk suture, and the intestine was returned to the abdominal cavity to maintain its integrity. A 4-cm portion of Tygon tubing (i.d. 3 mm, o.d. 5 mm) was attached to the exposed end of each cannula, and a 10-ml hypodermic syringe fitted with a connect tube and containing perfusion solution warmed at 37°C was attached to the proximal cannula. To clear the gut, saline was passed slowly through it to the distal cannula and discarded until the effluent was clear. The remaining perfusion solution was carefully expelled from the intestine by means of air pumped through the syringe, and 5 ml of laminaran solution was immediately introduced into the intestine. The di...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Nonlinear Intestinal Absorption of (1.RAR.3)-.BETA.-D-Glucan Caused by Absorptive and Secretory Transporting System

Tomita

Miwa

Ouchi

et al. 2009

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…In addition, it is also likely that permeation of marker molecules is higher in the blood to lumen direction than in the opposite direction. Strong support for this view comes from in vitro studies on both the small and large bowel showing a much higher permeation of nearly all commonly used marker molecules in the serosa to mucosa direction than in the mucosa to serosa direction [36,37] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Lactate and Glycerol Released to the Intestinal Lumen Reflect Mucosal Injury and Permeability Changes Caused by Strangulation Obstruction

Juel¹,

Solligård

Skogvoll

et al. 2007

Eur Surg Res

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Background: The present study evaluates whether microdialysis of glycerol and lactate reflects mucosal injury and permeability changes after strangulation obstruction of the pig small intestine. Methods: Strangulation obstruction was induced by tightening a rubber band around a small bowel loop until its venous pressure increased to a level just below diastolic aortic pressure (partial strangulation), or further until cessation of flow in the main feeding artery (total strangulation). Mucosal injury and permeability of marker molecules from blood to lumen and vice versa was compared to release of glycerol and lactate to the intestinal lumen. Results: Mucosal injury, hyperpermeability, and release of glycerol were more pronounced after total than after partial strangulation. In animals with partial strangulation there was a complete restitution of the surface epithelium, and luminal glycerol and lumen-to-blood permeability of polyethylene glycol 4000 remained low. Such animals showed a sustained elevation of lactate and blood-to-lumen permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran after 2 h of partial strangulation, but a decline to baseline levels of these parameters in animals with 1 h partial strangulation. Conclusion: Microdialysis of lactate and glycerol in the intestinal lumen may be used to assess structural and functional changes of the intestinal mucosa after strangulation obstruction.

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“…Using primary cultures of canine proximal tubular renal epithelial cells, Goligorsky et al reported that the flux of LY, which is generally regarded as a marker of fluid-phase endocytosis, was 3-fold greater in the basal-to-apical direction than in the apical-to-basal direction [26]. In contrast, Pantzar et al reported that the net rate of fluid-phase transcytosis of [ 3 H] inulin across cultured MDCK epithelial cells was approximately equal in both directions, even though the basolateral endocytotic rate was 6-fold greater than the apical rate [27]. In our study, we observed that the mucosa-to-serosal and serosal-to-mucosal fluxes of FD-4 involve nonlinear transport that is dependent on the concentration of FD-4 in the donor chamber.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Nonlinear Intestinal Absorption of Fluorescein Isothiocyanate Dextran 4, 000 Caused by Absorptive and Secretory Transporting System

Tomita

Ohkubo²,

Ouchi³

et al. 2011

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Bidirectional Small-Intestinal Permeability in the Rat to Some Common Marker Molecules in vitro

Cited by 43 publications

References 22 publications

Nonlinear Intestinal Absorption of (1.RAR.3)-.BETA.-D-Glucan Caused by Absorptive and Secretory Transporting System

Nonlinear Intestinal Absorption of (1.RAR.3)-.BETA.-D-Glucan Caused by Absorptive and Secretory Transporting System

Lactate and Glycerol Released to the Intestinal Lumen Reflect Mucosal Injury and Permeability Changes Caused by Strangulation Obstruction

Nonlinear Intestinal Absorption of Fluorescein Isothiocyanate Dextran 4, 000 Caused by Absorptive and Secretory Transporting System

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