Bidirectional interaction between intestinal microbiome and cancer: opportunities for therapeutic interventions

Dutta, Dibyendu; Lim, Seah H.

doi:10.1186/s40364-020-00211-6

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…Several intestinal microbes may influence the initiation and progression of tumorigenesis by modulating host factors that comprise the hallmarks of cancer[ 26 ]. This influence may occur locally and distantly through infection and microbial products, by changing the metabolism of the products produced by host and microbes or by modulating tumor immunosurveillance, which in turn alters the balance between the rate of cell proliferation and apoptosis, triggering chronic inflammation and immunosuppression[ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome and colorectal carcinogenesis: Linked mechanisms and racial differences

Tortora¹,

Bodiwala²,

Quinn³

et al. 2022

WJGO

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Various studies have shown the interplay between the intestinal microbiome, environmental factors, and genetic changes in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. In this review, we highlight the various gut and oral microbiota associated with CRC and colorectal adenomas, and their proposed molecular mechanisms in relation to the processes of “the hallmarks of cancer”, and differences in microbial diversity and abundance between race/ethnicity. Patients with CRC showed increased levels of Bacteroides, Prevotella, Escherichia coli, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, Streptococcus gallolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum ( F. nucleatum ) and Clostridium difficile . Higher levels of Bacteroides have been found in African American (AA) compared to Caucasian American (CA) patients. Pro-inflammatory bacteria such as F. nucleatum and Enterobacter species were significantly higher in AAs. Also, AA patients have been shown to have decreased microbial diversity compared to CA patients. Some studies have shown that using microbiome profiles in conjunction with certain risk factors such as age, race and body mass index may help predict healthy colon vs one with adenomas or carcinomas. Periodontitis is one of the most common bacterial infections in humans and is more prevalent in Non-Hispanic-Blacks as compared to Non-Hispanic Whites. This condition causes increased systemic inflammation, immune dysregulation, gut microbiota dysbiosis and thereby possibly influencing colorectal carcinogenesis. Periodontal-associated bacteria such as Fusobacterium, Prevotella , Bacteroides and Porphyromonas have been found in CRC tissues and in feces of CRC patients. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the association between oral and gastrointestinal bacterial profile, in addition to identifying prevalent bacteria in patients with CRC and the differences observed in ethnicity/race, may play a pivotal role in predicting incidence, prognosis, and lead to the development of new treatments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome and colorectal carcinogenesis: Linked mechanisms and racial differences

Tortora¹,

Bodiwala²,

Quinn³

et al. 2022

WJGO

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“…after surgery (paired analysis between post-and pre-op, Figure 3B). These probiotics have been demonstrated to fortify the colonic mucus layer, competitively exclude pathogenic bacteria and regulate the colonic environment through regulating of immune cells for anti-tumour activity (46,47,48,49,50,51). The increased abundance of bene cial gut genera after surgery such as short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing microbiota (Roseburia spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in Co-abundant Bacteriome in Colorectal Cancer and Persistent Microbial Dysbiosis After Surgery

Png

Chua

Law

et al. 2021

Preprint

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ObjectiveThere is growing interest in the role of gut microbiome in colorectal cancer (CRC), ranging from screening to disease recurrence. Our study aims to identify microbial markers characteristic of CRC and to examine if changes in bacteriome persist after surgery. Design49 fecal samples from non-cancer (NC) individuals and CRC patients, before and after surgery, were collected for analysis by bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. ResultsBacterial richness and diversity were reduced in the CRC patients compared to NC individuals. Pro-carcinogenic bacteria such as Bacteroides fragilis and Odoribacter splanchnicus were increased in pre-op CRC compared to NC group. These differences were no longer observed after surgery. Comparison between post- and pre-op CRC showed increased abundance of probiotic bacteria after surgery. Concomitantly, bacteria associated with CRC progression were observed to have increased after surgery, implying persistent dysbiosis. ConclusionMicrobiome signatures characteristic of CRC likely comprise a set of significant alteration in specific bacterial strains. Elements of these dysbiotic signatures persists even after surgery, suggesting possible field-change in remnant non-diseased colon. Future studies should seek to examine if these signatures are also associated with pre-malignant colonic polyps and, explore if these profiles can be used to guide CRC screening and surveillance.

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“…Bloodstream infection in immunocompromised patients originates from the GIT due to changes in the microbiota or damage to the mucosal barrier, mediated by many factors, e.g., exposure to chemotherapy, radiation, or antibiotics that systemically disseminate intestinal bacteria [ 45 ]. The most common bacteria translocating are oxygen-tolerant pathobionts such as vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), E. coli , Klebsiella , and viridans streptococci [ 46 ].…”

Section: Bloodstream Infections Originate From the Git Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Intestinal Microbiota: Impacts of Antibiotics Therapy, Colonization Resistance, and Diseases

Shah

Baloch

Shah

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Trillions of microbes exist in the human body, particularly the gastrointestinal tract, coevolved with the host in a mutually beneficial relationship. The main role of the intestinal microbiome is the fermentation of non-digestible substrates and increased growth of beneficial microbes that produce key antimicrobial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, etc., to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microbes besides other functions. Intestinal microbiota can prevent pathogen colonization through the mechanism of colonization resistance. A wide range of resistomes are present in both beneficial and pathogenic microbes. Giving antibiotic exposure to the intestinal microbiome (both beneficial and hostile) can trigger a resistome response, affecting colonization resistance. The following review provides a mechanistic overview of the intestinal microbiome and the impacts of antibiotic therapy on pathogen colonization and diseases. Further, we also discuss the epidemiology of immunocompromised patients who are at high risk for nosocomial infections, colonization and decolonization of multi-drug resistant organisms in the intestine, and the direct and indirect mechanisms that govern colonization resistance to the pathogens.

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Bidirectional interaction between intestinal microbiome and cancer: opportunities for therapeutic interventions

Cited by 37 publications

References 143 publications

Microbiome and colorectal carcinogenesis: Linked mechanisms and racial differences

Microbiome and colorectal carcinogenesis: Linked mechanisms and racial differences

Alterations in Co-abundant Bacteriome in Colorectal Cancer and Persistent Microbial Dysbiosis After Surgery

The Intestinal Microbiota: Impacts of Antibiotics Therapy, Colonization Resistance, and Diseases

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