Bicyclic 6-6 Systems: Pteridines

Suckling, Colin J.; Gibson, Colin L.; Huggan, Judith K.

doi:10.1016/b978-008044992-0.00918-4

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 255 publications

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“…1 Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, sedative-hypnotic, anti-histaminic, anti-hypertensive, anti-tumor, anti-microbial, ischemia or reperfusion surgery, and anti-parasite activity are some of the pharmacological responses ascribed to these systems. 2 This diversity in the pharmacological action contours of pteridine has piqued the interest of medicinal chemists in exploring this fused Heterocycle's potential against a wide range of activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pteridine a Colored Heterocycle and its Anticancer Activity: An Overview

Panchal¹,

Vaghela²

2022

Orient. J. Chem

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The objective of this work is to provide an overview of the numerous pharmacological features that are associated with the pteridine molecule. Pteridines are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds that are well-known and noteworthy. Their chemical formula is C6H4N4.In recent years, pteridine's various potential uses in the field of medicinal chemistry research have garnered significant attention. In the expanding field of intensive study, Pteridine is regarded as a privileged scaffold, and the alteration created with diverse substituents around the centroid opened the way for researchers to deal with it at ease. The heterocycle, which is a fused ring, has a high pharmacological quality. A pteridine is one of the heterocycles that has attracted a lot of interest in terms of biological uses. The pteridine nucleus serves as the quintessential framework in a range of physiologically energetic chemicals and pharmacological molecules. This evaluation is necessary in order to bring to light the remarkable potential that this ring device possesses as a result of the wide variety of pharmacological effects it may perform. This research might unquestionably hasten the graph and synthesis procedures, which would ultimately yield in a wide array of therapeutically feasible medicinal options.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pteridine a Colored Heterocycle and its Anticancer Activity: An Overview

Panchal¹,

Vaghela²

2022

Orient. J. Chem

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“…Naturally occurring pteridines fall into two structural categories: pterins ( 2 ), with a C-2 amino group and a carbonyl group at the C-4 position, and lumazines ( 3 ), with carbonyl groups at both the C-2 and C-4 positions . Although tautomerism is expected for both pterins ( 2 ) and lumazines ( 3 ) as a result of intramolecular proton transfer, it has been demonstrated by spectroscopic and crystallographic studies that, in the most prominent tautomeric species of natural pteridines, the ring nitrogen adopts the thermodynamically more stable lactam configuration, as represented by structures 2 and 3 . − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parallel with these synthetic efforts, the discovery of natural pteridine compounds began in 1889, when Sir Frederick Hopkins reported the isolation of the yellow pigments xanthopterin ( 5 ) and leucopterin ( 6 ) from the wings of the common brimstone butterfly ( Gonepterix rhamni ) and the cabbage butterfly ( Pieris rapae ), respectively . The structures of pterins 5 and 6 were not confirmed until 1940; since then, much work has been directed toward the isolation of new natural pteridines and the investigation of their biological roles. − , Most naturally occurring pteridines belong to the pterin family, and some of these pterins possess important biological properties including antitumor, antimicrobial, and antiviral activity, as well as being cofactors in enzymatic reactions. , Thus far, reviews of the reactivity, synthesis, isolation, and bioactivity of pteridines have focused on natural pterins and their analogues rather than lumazines. − ,− …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naturally Occurring Lumazines

Daniels

Furkert

et al. 2019

J. Nat. Prod.

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“…Nonetheless, other approaches are based on the linkage of a pteridine derivative to metal complexes or to molecules known to inhibit a specific target, with the objective of increasing their potency by targeting two different enzymes. Nevertheless, since chemical synthesis of pteridine derivatives is not the focus of this review, information about synthetic methods explaining how pteridine‐based compounds and drug candidates have been developed can be found in the comprehensive reviews by Suckling et al…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic potential of pteridine derivatives: A comprehensive review

Carmona‐Martínez

Ruiz–Alcaraz

Vera

et al. 2018

Medicinal Research Reviews

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Pteridines are aromatic compounds formed by fused pyrazine and pyrimidine rings. Many living organisms synthesize pteridines, where they act as pigments, enzymatic cofactors, or immune system activation molecules. This variety of biological functions has motivated the synthesis of a huge number of pteridine derivatives with the aim of studying their therapeutic potential. This review gathers the state‐of‐the‐art of pteridine derivatives, describing their biological activities and molecular targets. The antitumor activity of pteridine‐based compounds is one of the most studied and advanced therapeutic potentials, for which several molecular targets have been identified. Nevertheless, pteridines are also considered as very promising therapeutics for the treatment of chronic inflammation‐related diseases. On the other hand, many pteridine derivatives have been tested for antimicrobial activities but, although some of them resulted to be active in preliminary assays, a deeper research is needed in this area. Moreover, pteridines may be of use in the treatment of many other diseases, such as diabetes, osteoporosis, ischemia, or neurodegeneration, among others. Thus, the diversity of the biological activities shown by these compounds highlights the promising therapeutic use of pteridine derivatives. Indeed, methotrexate, pralatrexate, and triamterene are Food and Drug Administration approved pteridines, while many others are currently under study in clinical trials.

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Bicyclic 6-6 Systems: Pteridines

Cited by 6 publications

References 255 publications

Pteridine a Colored Heterocycle and its Anticancer Activity: An Overview

Pteridine a Colored Heterocycle and its Anticancer Activity: An Overview

Naturally Occurring Lumazines

Therapeutic potential of pteridine derivatives: A comprehensive review

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