Bicycle Training for Youth With Down Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorders

MacDonald, Megan; Esposito, Phil; Hauck, Janet; Jeong, Irully; Hornyak, Joseph E.; Argento, Angela Giacoletti; Ulrich, Dale A.

doi:10.1177/1088357611428333

Cited by 45 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Even at a young age, the motor skill deficits of children with ASD widen as the children become older (age range 14–36 months) (Lloyd, et al, 2013). Teaching motor skills to children with ASD, through adapted physical activity, has been successful (MacDonald et al, 2012). How to best implement motor skill improvements for young children with ASA and how to combine early intervention to include motor skill development is an area of future research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship of motor skills and adaptive behavior skills in young children with autism spectrum disorders

MacDonald

Lord

Ulrich

2013

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

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161

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Objective To determine the relationship of motor skills and the core behaviors of young children with autism, social affective skills and repetitive behaviors, as indicated through the calibrated autism severity scores. Design The univariate GLM tested the relationship of gross and fine motor skills measured by the gross motor scale and the fine motor scale of the MSEL with autism symptomology as measured by calibrated autism severity scores. Setting Majority of the data collected took place in an autism clinic. Participants A cohort of 159 young children with ASD (n=110), PDD-NOS (n=26) and non-ASD (developmental delay, n=23) between the ages of 12–33 months were recruited from early intervention studies and clinical referrals. Children with non-ASD (developmental delay) were included in this study to provide a range of scores indicted through calibrated autism severity. Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures The primary outcome measures in this study were calibrated autism severity scores. Results Fine motor skills and gross motor skills significantly predicted calibrated autism severity (p < 0.01). Children with weaker motor skills displayed higher levels of calibrated autism severity. Conclusions The fine and gross motor skills are significantly related to autism symptomology. There is more to focus on and new avenues to explore in the realm of discovering how to implement early intervention and rehabilitation for young children with autism and motor skills need to be a part of the discussion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship of motor skills and adaptive behavior skills in young children with autism spectrum disorders

MacDonald

Lord

Ulrich

2013

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

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161

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“…MacDonald and friends [13] applied individualized education method to children at at cycling upskilling study carried out with 30 individual with down syndrome and 41 individuals with autism. It was observed that 73.3% of children with down syndrome and 85.4% of children with autism could cycle for a distance longer than 100 meters at the end of 5 days of study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigate the effect of bicycle education provided for children with autism on recognising bicycle and cycling skill

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of bicycle training on children with autism on their ability to recognize and ride cycling. The sample of the study consisted of 33 children aged 5-17 years. The prepared program was applied for 3 days per week and 2 sessions for each child separately. "Cycling riding skill observation form for autistic individuals" which prepared by Kavlak was used as a data collection tool.

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“…In respect of teaching disabled people to ride, Klein et al (2005) report a methodology which includes innovative teaching techniques and specialised equipment. MacDonald et al (2012) investigated the effect of a cycle training intervention for children with Down's Syndrome (DS) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD).…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycling and disability: A call for further research

Clayton

Parkin

Billington

2017

Journal of Transport & Health

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Cycling can offer health benefits, and these benefits are relevant for disabled people. Few disabled people cycle, and disability is under-researched in cycling studies. This paper (i) reviews current research into disabled cycling, and provides a critique of inclusive cycle design guidance; and (ii) reports on a recent study which highlights some of the significant issues faced by disabled cyclists in accessing cycle infrastructure and using designated cycle networks. A semi-structured focus group was conducted with eight inclusive cycle scheme users, seven care providers supporting the majority of the cyclists, and the scheme organiser. We conclude that the needs of disabled cyclists are increasingly being taken into consideration in infrastructure design guidance, but there are many issues to be resolved before cycling is accessible to and usable by disabled people. There is little research on understanding the experiences of disabled cyclists, and hence there is a knowledge gap concerning the efficacy of current design guidance. The data presented in this paper provide a useful first insight into the experiences of a group of disabled cyclists, but these data are limited to the specific context of that group. Further research is needed.

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Bicycle Training for Youth With Down Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorders

Cited by 45 publications

References 25 publications

The relationship of motor skills and adaptive behavior skills in young children with autism spectrum disorders

The relationship of motor skills and adaptive behavior skills in young children with autism spectrum disorders

Investigate the effect of bicycle education provided for children with autism on recognising bicycle and cycling skill

Cycling and disability: A call for further research

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