Bicornuate Uterus

Davies, W. M.; Walpole, Geraldine

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1949.tb36722.x

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The molecular mechanism by which the Müllerian ducts fuse is poorly understood. Based upon the human malformation, bicornuate uterus (Campbell, 1952; Davies and Walpole, 1949), it appears that Müllerian duct fusion begins caudally and progresses cranially. In any case, Koff’s drawings show that length of the uterovaginal canal increases markedly during the course of development (Koff, 1933) (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into human female reproductive tract development

Kurita²,

et al. 2017

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We present a detailed review of the embryonic and fetal development of the human female reproductive tract utilizing specimens from the 5th through the 22nd gestational week. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) as well as immunohistochemical stains were used to study the development of the human uterine tube, endometrium, myometrium, uterine cervix and vagina. Our study revisits and updates the classical reports of Koff (1933) and Bulmer (1957) and presents new data on development of human vaginal epithelium. Koff proposed that the upper 4/5ths of the vagina is derived from Müllerian epithelium and the lower 1/5th derived from urogenital sinus epithelium, while Bulmer proposed that vaginal epithelium derives solely from urogenital sinus epithelium. These conclusions were based entirely upon H&E stained sections. A central player in human vaginal epithelial development is the solid vaginal plate, which arises from the uterovaginal canal (fused Müllerian ducts) cranially and squamous epithelium of urogenital sinus caudally. Since Müllerian and urogenital sinus epithelium cannot be unequivocally identified in H&E stained sections, we used immunostaining for PAX2 (reactive with Müllerian epithelium) and FOXA1 (reactive with urogenital sinus epithelium). By this technique, the PAX2/FOXA1 boundary was located at the extreme caudal aspect of the vaginal plate at 12 weeks. During the ensuing weeks, the PAX2/FOXA1 boundary progressively extended cranially such that by 21 weeks the entire vaginal epithelium was FOXA1-reactive and PAX2-negative. This observation supports Bulmer’s proposal that human vaginal epithelium derives solely from urogenital sinus epithelium. Clearly, the development of the human vagina is far more complex than previously envisioned and appears to be distinctly different in many respects from mouse vaginal development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into human female reproductive tract development

Kurita²,

et al. 2017

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“…The molecular mechanism by which the MDs fuse is poorly understood. However, based upon the human malformation, bicornuate uterus (Campbell, 1952; Davies and Walpole, 1949), it appears that MD fusion begins caudally and progresses cranially. The overall shape of the adult uterotubal junction and the lumen of the uterine corpus are unique.…”

Section: Organogenesis Of the Human Female Reproductive Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the human female reproductive tract

et al. 2018

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Development of the human female reproductive tract is reviewed from the ambisexual stage to advanced development of the uterine tube, uterine corpus, uterine cervix and vagina at 22 weeks. Historically this topic has been under-represented in the literature, and for the most part is based upon hematoxylin and eosin stained sections. Recent immunohistochemical studies for PAX2 (reactive with Müllerian epithelium) and FOXA1 (reactive with urogenital sinus epithelium and its known pelvic derivatives) shed light on an age-old debate on the derivation of vaginal epithelium supporting the idea that human vaginal epithelium derives solely from urogenital sinus epithelium. Aside for the vagina, most of the female reproductive tract is derived from the Müllerian ducts, which fuse in the midline to form the uterovaginal canal, the precursor of uterine corpus and uterine cervix an important player in vaginal development as well. Epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation markers are described during human female reproductive tract development (keratins, homeobox proteins (HOXA11 and ISL1), steroid receptors (estrogen receptor alpha and progesterone receptor), transcription factors and signaling molecules (TP63 and RUNX1), which are expressed in a temporally and spatially dynamic fashion. The utility of xenografts and epithelial-mesenchymal tissue recombination studies are reviewed.

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