Bicornuate nonfused rudimentary uterine horns with functioning endometria and complete cervical-vaginal agenesis: magnetic resonance diagnosis

Bicornuate uterine horns with complete cervical–vaginal agenesis and congenital vesicouterine fistula

“…For these reasons, heroic surgical efforts to preserve fertility is unwarranted in most instances. Hysterectomy remains the [5]. In our case, the distance between uterine horns and the vagina was too large for establishment of continuity.…”

Congenital vesicouterine fistulas—A PRISMA‐compliant systematic review

“…However, maternal serum estradiol concentrations reach a fluctuating plateau at 20 weeks gestation, and there is a reasonable degree of correlation in hormone concentrations between the maternal and fetal circulations, all in good standing with the timeframe for VUF formation. Interestingly, complete cervico‐vaginal agenesis does not result in a VUF when tubal patency is present . We hypothesize that the fetal intrauterine pressure in the second half of gestation may be considerably increased.…”

Bicornuate rudimentary uterine horns with functioning endometrium and complete cervical-vaginal agenesis coexisting with ovarian endometriosis: a case report

“…Thanks to magnetic resonance followed by an explorative laparotomy, the patient was finally diagnosed, and the müllerian anomaly, consisting of the right hematosalpinx and bicornuate rudimentary uterine horns, was removed. As step two of the treatment, the McIndoe procedure for artificial vagina creation was performed (7). It is worth noting that there was an early onset of the hematosalpinx and hematometra in this case.…”

“…To our knowledge, we have found only one similar case report in the literature (7). It is worth mentioning that both case reports cannot be assigned to any group of the American Fertility Society classification.…”