Biblical anthropology and the idea of human prehistory in late antiquity

Goodrum, Matthew R.

doi:10.1080/0275720022000001174

Cited by 4 publications

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“…7 Com efeito, no que tange à concepção da origem da espécie humana, a perspectiva atribuída a Demócrito de Abdera se desenha por meio da ação de agentes naturais, invocados para explicar o fenômeno. Entretanto, esta concepção foi combatida pela filosofia do cristianismo primitivo: ao passo que Demócrito entendia a criação do homem a partir de processos caóticos orientados pela lei da natureza, o cristianismo entendia a criação do homem a partir do preussuposto bíblico da descendência do gênero humano de um único par de genitores: a criação do homem era compreendida como um ato singular, divino e orientado pelo plano de criação de Deus, onde o homem ocuparia o topo da hierarquia da criação (GOODRUM, 2002). Em linhas gerais, esta ordenação ocupou um lugar central no imaginário social, político e jurídico da Época Moderna (HESPANHA, 2010).…”

Section: Artifícios De Codificação E Pressupostos Intelectuaisunclassified

A primeira modernidade e seu contexto intelectual: subordinação política e mundialização

Panegassi

2017

Anos 90

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Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é circunscrever o contexto intelectual característico da formação do mundo moderno enquanto espaço de circulação de ideias e juízos diversos. Para isso, recuperamos o senso de ordem social próprio do imaginário europeu da primeira modernidade a partir de diferentes registros literários produzidos no contexto do Renascimento ibérico. Esta literatura nos remete ao ideário do cristianismo primitivo, referência intelectual coerente aos propósitos espirituais da mundialização levada a cabo por espanhóis e portugueses. Verificamos que embora as concepções etnológicas da primeira modernidade sejam tributárias do pensamento patrístico, encontram-se atreladas à experiência estatal moderna. Diante disso, concluímos que a sujeição política foi a tônica dominante do fenômeno da mundialização. Palavras-chave: Mundialização ibérica. Cristianismo primitivo. Subordinação política. Tessituras do mundo modernoA mundialização levada a cabo pelos reinos ibéricos no contexto da primeira modernidade estabeleceu um campo de circulação de ideias a partir de uma grade de leitura hierarquizadora. Calcada no pressuposto de que tudo possuía uma ordenação definida desde a origem do mundo e da criação da humanidade, esta perspectiva

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Section: Artifícios De Codificação E Pressupostos Intelectuaisunclassified

A primeira modernidade e seu contexto intelectual: subordinação política e mundialização

Panegassi

2017

Anos 90

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“…Most medieval philosophers argued that the first human had been created with an innate knowledge of language, a rational mind, and capacities that set mankind above the animals. 13 Even the diversity of human languages was considered to be the product of divine intervention, through the Tower of Babel incident, although writers from Augustine 14 in the fifth century to Dante (1265-1321) 15 acknowledged that more recent languages had probably been formed through more "natural" means. Augustine and Lactantius were also adamant that humans had never lived as isolated creatures and that society was innate to human nature.…”

Section: Biblical Anthropology and The Impact Of Christianity In The mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One can occasionally find authors such as the poet Prudentius (d. 410) and the historian Eusebius of Caesarea (c.260 -c. 340), who discuss the possibility that early humans were savage and without culture of any kind, only gradually becoming civilized. 17 But such descriptions are rare. The "biblical anthropology" that took shape in the early Christian era dominated discussions of human origins until the seventeenth century.…”

Section: Biblical Anthropology and The Impact Of Christianity In The mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 According to Genesis, everything from the origin of the first people to the domestication of animals, the invention of agriculture and metallurgy, and the founding of the first city all took place within this relatively short period. Medieval philosophers rejected the long chronologies and murky ages of primordial human progress assumed by the Greeks.…”

Section: Biblical Anthropology and The Impact Of Christianity In The mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prolegomenon to a history of paleoanthropology: The study of human origins as a scientific enterprise. Part 1. Antiquity to the eighteenth century

Goodrum

2004

Evolutionary Anthropology

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These and other early works provided both an impetus and a foundation for later historical studies, but over the last two decades a profound transformation has taken place as historians of science have begun to integrate the history of paleoanthropology and prehistoric archeology into the history of science more generally. By situating the history of paleoanthropology within the context of developments in the other natural sciences, and more broadly within the emergence of science as a Western intellectual institution, scholars have come to recognize the complex and sometimes unexpected scientific, philosophical, and social roots of anthropological theories and discoveries. In this article I cannot hope to relate the details of this history; instead I mean to show how our broad understanding of the history of paleoanthropology has changed as a result of recent work in the history, philosophy, and sociology of science by outlining the major trends of that history as it has been reinterpreted. I will then refer the reader to recent scholarly sources that can be read to fill in the details of this complex history.Research into the history of paleoanthropology has been justified in numerous ways. However, it has also been asked how useful it really is for practicing scientists to know the history of their discipline. 1 This article proceeds from the view that a knowledge of how present and past theories were formulated, how and why significant discoveries were made, and why scientists accepted or rejected certain ideas has more than merely pedagogical value. Contemporary theories and debates are almost always the product of innumerable previously held theories, beliefs, and assumptions, all of which were shaped by ever-changing social and intellectual conditions and a steady stream of new discoveries, all of which had to be interpreted by the means available at the time. Modern paleoanthropology is a complex amalgam of all these factors. Hence, it is only through a more complete investigation of their interactions that we will be able to understand how modern research on human origins has emerged as a scientific discipline.This article cannot present a detailed history of paleoanthropology, nor is that its intent. Rather, it seeks to trace the broad steps by which speculations about, and the study of human origins became a scientific endeavor. It will be necessary to take a long chronological view of this process because some of its most critical conceptual and methodological developments occurred very early. While it may be argued that the modern science of paleoanthropology has its origin in the nineteenth century, the birth of a rational and naturalistic inquiry into human origins began much earlier. Indeed, the first steps toward a truly scientific inquiry into our origin and earliest history began with the first Greek philosophers. The principles, theories, and debates they established not only form the foundation on which modern paleoanthropology is based, but remain at the core of all contemporary theories and...

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Current Bibliography of the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences 2003

Weldon¹

2003

Isis

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Biblical anthropology and the idea of human prehistory in late antiquity

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

A primeira modernidade e seu contexto intelectual: subordinação política e mundialização

A primeira modernidade e seu contexto intelectual: subordinação política e mundialização

Prolegomenon to a history of paleoanthropology: The study of human origins as a scientific enterprise. Part 1. Antiquity to the eighteenth century

Current Bibliography of the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences 2003

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