Biaxial Orientation of Poly(ethylene 2,5‐furandicarboxylate): An Explorative Study

Abstract

The biaxial orientation behavior of poly(ethylene 2,5‐furandicarboxylate) (PEF) is studied in comparison to poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). PEF is a polyester that can be produced through similar steps as PET but using 100% biobased 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid instead of terephthalic acid. This work highlights the stress–strain behavior of PEF during biaxial orientation at various temperatures. Strain hardening and strain‐induced crystallization in the oriented PEF samples generally appeared at higher stretch ratios for PEF than for PET at comparable molecular weight, while somewhat lower degrees of crystallinity are reached in PEF. Shrinkage in oriented PEF is found to be on par with PET in the region of the glass transition. Higher modulus and improved barrier properties, compared to PET, are found in the oriented materials when sufficiently high stretch ratios are applied in biaxial orientation.

Strain-induced crystallization of poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate). Mechanical and crystallographic analysis

“…Because of its relative novelty as well as its rarity, few studies deal with the mechanical behaviour and with SIC of PEF under uni-axial stretching [29][30][31] or under bi-axial stretching [32]. Considering the "state of the art", it appears that PEF should exhibit SIC as PET does, but a simple transposition of stretching conditions cannot be successful.…”

“…Upon stretching above its glass transition, and for appropriate temperature and strain rate conditions, PEF strain-induced crystallization has been proven [29][30][31][32]. Nevertheless, none of the previous studies allowed to unambiguously relate local mechanical loading to local microstructure, due to the use of engineering data.…”

Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy Study of Biobased Poly(alkylene 2,5-furanoate)s’ Molecular Dynamics

“…Such polyester represents indeed the most credible bio-based alternative to poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) because of its properties, which are even superior to those of its terephthalic counterpart. Notable are the very good mechanical and the excellent gas barrier properties, which render this new polymer a very promising candidate in the food and beverage packaging [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. More recently, the attention of researchers has been addressed on other polyesters of the family, specifically those containing a longer glycol subunit with respect to PEF.…”

High Tg and tough poly(butylene 2,5‐thiophenedicarboxylate‐co‐1,4‐cyclohexanedimethylene 2,5‐thiophenedicarboxylate)s: Synthesis and characterization

“…Nowadays, many studies about bio‐based polymers have begun in the last decade due to an increasing environmental awareness and the depletion of oil resources . Specially, sustainable materials with high‐performance or biodegradability have become the research hot spot, such as poly(ethylene 2,5‐furandicarboxylate) (PEF), poly(1,4‐butylene 2,5‐furandicarboxylate), poly(lactic acid), and poly(butylene 2,5‐thiophenedicarboxylate) (PBTF) …”