Biases and sensitivities in geometrical illusions

Morgan, Michael J.; Hole, G; Glennerster, Andrew

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(90)90160-m

Cited by 195 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…One of these is size constancy, which would rescale the length of the test line based on the depth suggested by the wing arrangement (Gregory 1963;Tausch, 1954). However, the difference between physical and apparent length for any section of test line depends on the distance of that section from the wings (Morgan, Hole, & Glennerster, 1990), something not consistent with uniform rescaling. In any event, inferred depth is almost certainly not part of low-level length estimation-its assignments are maintained when gaps are placed in the center of lines, whereas this manipulation destroys the rapid recovery of three-dimensional structure at early levels (Enns & Rensink, 1991a).…”

Section: Relation To the Mueller-lyer Illusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several such mechanisms are possible. For example, length might be taken as the distance between the "average" positions of the endpoints, where each position is the centroid of the structures in the nearby neighborhood (Morgan et al, 1990). Note that there are also several ways in which the overall length can be defined, such as the maximum extent, or the diameter of the minimal enclosing circle, i.e., the smallest circle containing the assembly (Gurnsey & Browse, 1987).…”

Section: Relation To the Mueller-lyer Illusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preemption effects in visual search: Evidence for low-level grouping.

Rensink¹,

Enns²

1995

Psychological Review

190

188

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Experiments are presented showing that visual search for Mueller-Lyer (ML) stimuli is based on complete configurations, rather than component segments. Segments easily detected in isolation were difficult to detect when embedded in a configuration, indicating preemption by low-level groups. This preemption-which caused stimulus components to become inaccessible to rapid search-was an all-ornothing effect, and so could serve as a powerful test of grouping. It is shown that these effects are unlikely to be due to blurring by simple spatial filters at early visual levels. It is proposed instead that they are due to more sophisticated processes that rapidly bind contour fragments into spatially-extended assemblies. These results support the view that rapid visual search cannot access the primitives formed at the earliest stages of visual processing; rather, it can access only higher-level, more ecologically-relevant structures.

show abstract

Section: Relation To the Mueller-lyer Illusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relation To the Mueller-lyer Illusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preemption effects in visual search: Evidence for low-level grouping.

Rensink¹,

Enns²

1995

Psychological Review

190

188

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Psychometric functions, obtained by the method of constant stimuli or by one of its modifications, have the advantage that they can measure not only the central tendency in the observer's responding, and any accompanying biases, but also the sensitivity to changes along the underlying continuum (e.g. Morgan, Hole & Glennerster, 1990). A psychometric function would allow us, for example, to determine whether we are as consistent in comparing the sizes of objects at different distances as we are when they are at the same distance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the scaling of size judgements by orientational cues

Morgan

1992

Vision Research

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Observers carried out multiple, concurrent size discriminations with a range of size standards. The task was to classify each stimulus as larger or smaller than the appropriate standard size for the set to which it belonged. The set to which each stimulus belonged was indicated by its orientation, or in different experiments, by its spatial location. Observers were able to maintain appropriate discrimination, both when there were four concurrent standards and when there were eight. Both angle and position functioned as effective cues. The size of the orientational cue appeared to make little difference to the efficiency of discrimination. However, when the relationship between standard size and orientation was random, rather than regular, performance got worse. The analogy between such discrimination and size constancy is pointed out, and the results are discussed in relation to Andrews, D. P.'s [(1964)

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“…The investigators found no illusion of location. However, Morgan, Hole, and Glennerster (1990) have argued that this task might be a measure of the perceived orientation between the two targets, rather than endpoint location. A second potential measure of egocentric localization is saccadic eye movement.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between perceived length and egocentric location in Müller-Lyer figures with one versus two chevrons

Welch

Post

Lum

et al. 2004

Perception & Psychophysics

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We examined the apparent dissociation of perceived length and perceived position with respect to the Müller-Lyer (M-L) illusion. With the traditional (two-chevron) figure, participants made accurate open-loop pointing responses at the endpoints of the shaft, despite the presence of a strong length illusion. This apparently non-Euclidean outcome replicated that of Mack, Heuer, Villardi, and Chambers (1985) and Gillam and Chambers (1985) and contradicts any theory of the M-L illusion in which mislocalization of shaft endpoints plays a role. However, when one of the chevrons was removed, a constant pointing error occurred in the predicted direction, as well as a strong length illusion. Thus, with onechevron stimuli, perceived length and location were no longer completely dissociated. We speculated that the presence of two opposing chevrons suppresses the mislocalizing effects of a single chevron, especially for figures with relatively short shafts.

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Biases and sensitivities in geometrical illusions

Cited by 195 publications

References 29 publications

Preemption effects in visual search: Evidence for low-level grouping.

Preemption effects in visual search: Evidence for low-level grouping.

On the scaling of size judgements by orientational cues

The relationship between perceived length and egocentric location in Müller-Lyer figures with one versus two chevrons

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