Bi‐supported Ziegler–Natta TiCl₄/MCM‐41/MgCl₂ (ethoxide type) catalyst preparation and comprehensive investigations of produced polyethylene characteristics

Abstract

Bi‐supported Ziegler–Natta catalysts (TiCl4/MCM‐41/MgCl2 (ethoxide type)) were synthesized to improve the morphology and the properties of polyethylene. The morphology control is a crucial issue in polymerization process, while tailoring the properties of polymers is needed for specific applications. The catalysts were synthesized in different ratios of two supports with impregnation method. The polymerization process was carried out in atmospheric slurry reactor. The catalysts were characterized with scanning electron microscopy ‐ energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), inductively coupled plasma, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) methods. The polymers were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry, FTIR, and tensile‐strength analyses. Ubbelohde viscometer and frequency sweep measurements showed that the synthesized polymers are ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene. Mechanical properties of polymers showed higher Young's modulus in samples containing MCM‐41, having higher thermal stability supported by TGA analysis. SEM images of bi‐supported catalyst showed a controlled spherical morphology with uniform size distribution. SEM analysis support that the polymers replicate their morphology from catalyst, improving their morphology comparing to MgCl2‐supported catalyst. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48553.

TiCl4/MgCl2/MCM-41 Bi-Supported Ziegler–Natta Catalyst: Effects of Catalyst Composition on Ethylene/1-Hexene Copolymerization

“…For (co)polymerization under 1 bar, the activity of cat-2 (TiCl 4 /MCM-41 mono-supported catalyst) was only 2~10% of that of cat-1 (TiCl 4 /MgCl 2 mono-supported catalyst, see Table 3). Similar phenomena have been reported in literatures dealing with similar catalysts [36,37]. It means that MgCl 2 plays an essential role in enhancing polymerization activity of supported Z-N catalyst [44].…”

“…The polymerization of ethylene and copolymerization of ethylene/1-he prepared catalysts were conducted under 1 bar and 4 bar ethylene pressure, For (co)polymerization under 1 bar, the activity of cat-2 (TiCl4/MCM-41 mon catalyst) was only 2~10% of that of cat-1 (TiCl4/MgCl2 mono-supported catal 3). Similar phenomena have been reported in literatures dealing with sim [36,37]. It means that MgCl2 plays an essential role in enhancing polymeriz of supported Z-N catalyst [44].…”

“…Semsarzadeh et al [36] prepared two kinds of bi-supported Z-N catalysts, TiCl 4 /MgCl 2 /MCM-41 and TiCl 4 /MgCl 2 /SiO 2 , and found that the catalyst containing MCM-41 showed higher activity than the one with SiO 2 in catalyzing ethylene polymerization. Similar ethylene polymerization behaviors of bi-supported catalysts containing a mesoporous support are reported by other researchers [37][38][39][40]. To the best of our knowledge, ethylene-α-olefin copolymerization with TiCl 4 /MgCl 2 /MCM-41 type bi-supported Z-N catalysts has not been reported in open-published journals.…”

Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum Modulates Gut Microbiota, Regulates the Levels of Neurotransmitters, and Prevents CUMS‐Induced Depressive‐Like Behavior in Mice

“…The average molecular weight of PHGG was calculated by the Mark–Houwink–Sakurada equation ([η] = KM α ). The intrinsic viscosity was measured as described [ 21 ] using an Ubbelohde viscometer and the K and α were corrected by dextran with different molecular weights.…”

Investigation on Physical and Mechanical Properties of High Density Polyethylene (PE100) Using Novel Catalyst

“…However, HDPE production using Ziegler-Natta catalyst did not have the desired quality and longevity [4]. Many efforts have been done to modify this heterogeneous catalyst which plays an important role in the polymer morphology *Corresponding Author Institutional Email: a-hasani@iau-arak.ac.ir (A. Hassani Joshaghani) [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Upgrading the structure of the catalyst and changing some of its manufacturing instructions will increase the quality of the final products [11].…”