Bi Catalyzed CdS Nanowires With Temperature-Dependent Morphologies for Potential Applications in Solar Cells

Abstract

In this work, we present the preparation of CdS nanowires (CdS NWs) using the chemical vapor deposition technique and bismuth (Bi) nanoparticles as catalysts. The obtained nanowires were found to be in the hexagonal Greenockite structure according to XRD diffractograms and Raman spectroscopy measurements. Depending on the growth temperature, two kinds of morphologies were observed in SEM images. At low temperature (around 150 • C), a high density and homogeneous population of thin and straight nanowires grown through the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism was observed. At higher temperature (around 270 • C), thicker bunches of braided nanowires were observed. A quantitative analysis of the temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra of the CdS NWs was carried out.

Solar cell parameter accuracy improvement, via refinement of the Co-Content function. Part 1: theoretical analysis

“…For simplicity purposes, all simulating parameters (except n) were chosen as a power of 10, i.e., the simulating parameters were R sh =1 kΩ, R s =1 Ω, I lig =1 mA, and I sat =1 μA. Both R sh and I lig are three orders of magnitude larger than R s and I sat , respectively, which is usually the case found in second-generation solar cells [18,21,177,[197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205][206][207][208][209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216]. The value of n was chosen n 2.5, = which is a value in the range of 2 to 3, which is also the usual case found in second-generation solar cells [18,21,177,[197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205][206][207][208][209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216]…”

“…or factorizing B the following expression is obtained Simulations were done on the [0 V, 1 V] range, using the same C program reported in [2]. Laboratory fabricated solar cells usually function in this voltage range [18,21,177,[197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205][206][207][208][209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216]. Briefly, the C program solved equation (1) in [2] with an accuracy of 10 −15 A for each voltage.…”

“…Both R sh and I lig are three orders of magnitude larger than R s and I sat , respectively, which is usually the case found in second-generation solar cells [18,21,177,[197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205][206][207][208][209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216]. The value of n was chosen n 2.5, = which is a value in the range of 2 to 3, which is also the usual case found in second-generation solar cells [18,21,177,[197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205][206][207][208][209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216] I I V 1 max = = was 209.61 mA, as can be seen in figure 1(a)-(h). ...…”

Tunable Selectivity of Photocatalytic Benzyl Alcohol Transformation over Ag-Ion-Exchanged CdS Nanowires

“…The main diffraction peaks in the patterns of the CdS NWs and Ag 2 S@CdS NWs series were identical and matched the pattern of the wurtzite-type crystallographic structure of CdS (JCPDS No. 77-2306); the peaks located at 24.8, 26.5, 28.2, 36.6, 43.8, and 47.9° correspond to the (100), (002), (101), (102), (110), and (103) crystal planes of wurtzite-type CdS, respectively. − The patterns of the Ag 2 S@CdS NWs containing 1–5% of Ag 2 S exhibit identical diffraction peaks to those of pristine CdS NWs owing to the low amount of loaded Ag 2 S; however, with high Ag 2 S loadings of 7 and 10%, additional weak diffraction peaks corresponding to Ag 2 S were observed in the XRD patterns (S-2) owing to the formation of enlarged Ag 2 S nanostructures on the CdS NWs . These results demonstrate that the loading of Ag 2 S did not significantly affect the properties of the wurtzite-structured CdS NWs.…”

“…One-dimensional (1D)-structured CdS materials have attracted considerable attention because of their intrinsic electronic structures and optical properties, which stem from the rapid separation of photogenerated charge carriers. − In particular, by decorating these materials with a cocatalyst, the photogenerated electron–hole pairs dissociate via prompt transfer, which reduces the recombination of electron and hole.…”