Beyond the wall: Dyking as an object of everyday governance in the Bay of Manila, Philippines

Zoysa, Rapti Siriwardane-de

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103661

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 42 publications

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“…Poverty pockets have often been blamed for urban flooding because of their encroachment on freshwater channels and marshy coastlines, an issue compounded by the visibility of solid waste blockages in these areas [98,99]. Moreover, state relocation projects have been notorious for giving way to public-private partnerships (PPPs), often under city-level patronage, in areas deemed as vulnerability 'hotspots' because of recurrent flooding that have been cleared and subsequently primed for lucrative real estate development [100].…”

Section: Evictions Of Informal Settlements and The Politics Of Public-private Partnershipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘wickedness’ of governing land subsidence: Policy perspectives from urban Southeast Asia

et al. 2021

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Drawing on Jakarta, Metro Manila and Singapore as case studies, we explore the paradox of slow political action in addressing subsiding land, particularly along high-density urban coastlines with empirical insights from coastal geography, geodesy analysis, geology, and urban planning. In framing land subsidence as a classic ‘wicked’ policy problem, and also as a hybrid geological and anthropogenic phenomenon that is unevenly experienced across urban contexts, the paper uses a three-step analysis. First, satellite-derived InSAR maps are integrated with Sentinel-1A data in order to reveal the socio-temporal variability of subsidence rates which in turn pose challenges in uniformly applying regulatory action. Second, a multi-sectoral mapping of diverse policies and practices spanning urban water supply, groundwater extraction, land use zoning, building codes, tenurial security, and land reclamation reveal the extent to which the broader coastal governance landscape remains fragmented and incongruous, particularly in arresting a multi-dimensional phenomenon such as subsidence. Finally, in reference to distinct coastal identities of each city–the ‘Sinking Capital’ (Jakarta), ‘Fortress Singapore’, and the ‘Disaster Capital’ (Manila) the paper illustrates how land subsidence is portrayed across the three metropolises in markedly similar ways: as a reversible, quasi-natural, and/or a highly individualized problem.

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Section: Evictions Of Informal Settlements and The Politics Of Public-private Partnershipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘wickedness’ of governing land subsidence: Policy perspectives from urban Southeast Asia

et al. 2021

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Perception of Disasters and Land Reclamation in an Informal Settlement on Reclaimed Land: Case of the BASECO Compound, Manila, the Philippines

Valenzuela

Esteban

Onuki

2020

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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Southeast Asia’s coastal urban areas continue to grow, with land reclamation fast becoming an important option for megacities to address issues of economic growth and increasing population density. Experts are divided over the advantages and disadvantages of land reclamation, though this process continues unabated, exposing settlements to coastal hazards. The Bataan Shipping and Engineering Company (BASECO) compound is an informal settlement on reclaimed land in Manila, the Philippines. How informal coastal settlements view disaster risk and their more pressing socioeconomic needs is crucial to understanding the potentials and repercussions of land reclamation. Using a topographic survey, a questionnaire survey, and the protective action decision model, this study explored the perception of disasters and land reclamation of informal settlers who are living on reclaimed land. The study found that people are aware of disaster risks, but are more concerned with everyday needs. They are divided on the issue of further land reclamation. Residents on the original non-reclaimed land view it as a coastal defense, while those on reclaimed land fear potential eviction. Despite this, all locations in the community are concerned with the loss of jobs, economic opportunities, and eviction, rather than potential disasters.

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Middle-class risk perception of disasters and land reclamation in Metro Manila, Philippines

Valenzuela,

Esteban,

Onuki

2023

Anthropocene Coasts

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The United Nations estimate that by 2030 about half of the world’s population would be comprised of the middle-class, who mostly live in the increasing number of megacities around the world. Southeast Asian megacities, such as Metropolitan Manila, have long been troubled by rapid urbanization, increasing disaster risk, and the looming impacts of climate change. As a response, there is a growing focus on disaster and climate resilient policies in megacities, most of which have only centered on how future disasters and climate uncertainty would impact vulnerable communities. This has resulted in policies that cater towards relocation of the poor to combat disasters and climate change. This exploratory study attempts to elucidate how the middle-class views disasters and land reclamation in Metro Manila, the Philippines. Using an online questionnaire survey of 425 middle-class respondents, the study shows that middle-class perception of risk potentially amplifies vulnerability and reduces the resilience of the poor. While knowledge about the risks is high, the capacity of the middle class to act is low, especially compared to vulnerable communities. Also, climate change and disasters are viewed primarily as environmental issues, which is compounded by inadequate defenses. Land reclamation, along with coastal informal settlements, are viewed as an intrusion into the environment. This study finds that the middle-class’s perception of risk may marginalize the poor by favoring eviction of vulnerable communities in coastal areas, including those targeted for land reclamation, under the pretext of controlling the city’s population growth and environmental impact.

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Beyond the wall: Dyking as an object of everyday governance in the Bay of Manila, Philippines

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

The ‘wickedness’ of governing land subsidence: Policy perspectives from urban Southeast Asia

The ‘wickedness’ of governing land subsidence: Policy perspectives from urban Southeast Asia

Perception of Disasters and Land Reclamation in an Informal Settlement on Reclaimed Land: Case of the BASECO Compound, Manila, the Philippines

Middle-class risk perception of disasters and land reclamation in Metro Manila, Philippines

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